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Similarities and differences in waste composition over time and space determined by multivariate distance analyses
David J Tonjes1, Yiyi Wang1, Firman Firmansyah1
1Waste Data and Analysis Center, Department of Technology & Society, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, United States of America.
Plos One
|January 15, 2025
Summary
New York City
Area of Science:
- Environmental Science
- Waste Management Science
Background:
- Solid waste composition analysis is crucial for effective management strategies.
- Traditional analyses often focus on individual parameters, limiting holistic understanding.
- Multivariate distance techniques offer a novel approach to compare waste composition studies.
Purpose of the Study:
- To compare New York City's residential waste composition over time using multivariate analysis.
- To assess the similarity of NYC waste streams with EPA data and other US jurisdictions.
- To identify trends in waste composition and evaluate the effectiveness of different analytical methods.
Main Methods:
- Application of multivariate distance techniques to compare waste composition data.
- Analysis of NYC residential waste studies from 1990, 2004, 2013, and 2017.
- Comparison with EPA data and 88 other US waste composition studies (1987-2021).
Main Results:
- NYC disposed waste is similar across boroughs and over time, but distinct from recyclables.
- Food and plastics increased, while paper decreased in NYC waste streams over the study period.
- NYC waste trends largely align with other US studies, but diverge from EPA data.
Conclusions:
- Multivariate distance analysis simplifies identifying similarities and differences across waste studies.
- This method enhances solid waste management planning and policy decisions.
- NYC's waste composition trends offer valuable insights for municipal solid waste management.
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