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Promoting Global Cardiovascular Health to Advance the Sustainable Development Agenda
Shanthi Mendis1, Ian Graham2, Asmus Hammerich3
1Geneva Learning Foundation, Geneva, Switzerland.
JACC. Advances
|January 16, 2025
Summary
Cardiovascular disease burden is shifting to low-income nations. Addressing health system barriers and social determinants is crucial for global cardiovascular health (CVH) progress and reducing premature mortality.
Area of Science:
- Public Health
- Epidemiology
- Health Policy
Background:
- Cardiovascular disease (CVD) burden has decreased in high-income nations but is rising in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs).
- This global shift is driven by epidemiological, demographic, and socioeconomic changes.
- Cost-effective interventions for cardiovascular health (CVH) exist across prevention levels.
Purpose of the Study:
- To identify multifaceted challenges hindering global CVH progress.
- To highlight disparities in health expenditure and workforce capacity.
- To propose strategies for achieving Sustainable Development Goal target 3.4.
Main Methods:
- Review of global trends in cardiovascular disease.
- Analysis of barriers to cardiovascular health advancement in LMICs.
- Examination of health system, policy, and social determinant factors.
Main Results:
- Significant global disparities exist in health expenditure and health workforce capacities.
- Shortcomings in financial protection, health systems, primary care, and surveillance impede CVH.
- Social and commercial determinants of health require targeted interventions.
Conclusions:
- Addressing systemic barriers and social determinants is essential for national CVH strategies.
- Progressive realization of universal health coverage and health policy reform are key sustainable strategies.
- Achieving CVH is critical for reducing premature noncommunicable disease mortality by 2030.
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