Single-Atom Iridium-doped Carbon Dots Nanozyme with High Peroxidase-Like Activity as Colorimetric Sensors for...

Nanozyme-based colorimetric sensors are promising approaches for environmental monitoring, food safety, and medical diagnostics. However, developing novel nanozymes that exhibit high catalytic activity, good dispersion in aqueous solution, high sensitivity, selectivity, and stability is challenging. In this study, for the first time, single-atom iridium-doped carbon dot nanozymes (SA Ir-CDs) are synthesized via a simple in situ pyrolysis process. Doping carbon dots with iridium in the form of single atoms to achieve maximum atomic utilization not only enhances peroxidase (POD)-like activity to 178.81 U mg^-1 but also improves the dispersibility of single-atom nanozymes in aqueous solutions over 30 days. Hence, the SA Ir-CD colorimetric platform is developed for mercury ions (Hg²⁺) detection and exhibited a good linear relationship from 0.01 to 10 µm and a detection limit of 4.4 nm. Notably, the changes in color can be observed not only through the naked eye but also via a smartphone, enabling convenient field and onsite monitoring without the need for sophisticated analytical equipment. In this study, an approach for fabricating single-atom metal-based carbon dot nanozymes with high POD-like activity is developed, and a new effective and easy-to-use colorimetric sensor for Hg²⁺ detection is constructed.