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[Delirium in older adults in and outside hospital setting].

Mathias Nikolai Petersen Hella1, Sigurd Evensen2, Eli Rudi3

  • 1Geriatrisk seksjon, Stavanger universitetssjukehus, og, Klinisk institutt 1, Universitetet i Bergen.

Tidsskrift for Den Norske Laegeforening : Tidsskrift for Praktisk Medicin, Ny Raekke
|January 21, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Delirium, an acute confusion affecting attention and awareness, is common in older, critically ill patients. Prompt identification and treatment of underlying causes are crucial for better outcomes.

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Area of Science:

  • Geriatrics
  • Critical Care Medicine
  • Neurology

Background:

  • Delirium is characterized by acute changes in attention, awareness, and cognition, often with perceptual disturbances.
  • It is frequently triggered by acute illness or injury, particularly affecting elderly patients in intensive care settings.
  • Delirium is linked to adverse prognoses, underscoring the need for prevention and early intervention.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current knowledge on delirium in older patients.
  • To highlight the importance of preventing, identifying, and treating delirium.
  • To cover delirium management both within and outside hospital environments.

Main Methods:

  • This is a clinical review article.
  • It synthesizes current scientific knowledge on delirium.
  • Focuses on the older patient population.

Main Results:

  • Delirium presents as fluctuating attention deficits and cognitive impairment.
  • Hallucinations and delusions can occur in patients with delirium.
  • Older patients, especially those in intensive care, are at the highest risk.

Conclusions:

  • Preventing delirium is essential due to its association with poor prognosis.
  • Rapid identification and treatment of causal factors are critical for managing delirium.
  • This review provides comprehensive insights into delirium in older adults across various healthcare settings.