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Pulse rhythm refers to the pattern of pulsations within specific intervals, offering valuable insights into the regularity or irregularity of the heart's beats as observed through the pattern of pulsation within specific intervals. A regular pulse exhibits a consistent heart rate with uniform waveforms and pulsation force, variations of which can be classified as normal, weak, or bounding.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 31, 2025

A Novel Digital Platform for a Monitored Home-based Cardiac Rehabilitation Program
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Wearable heart rate variability analysis system based on ionic conductive hydrogels.

Bingqi Pan1, Fangying Xiong2, Jiawang Wang2

  • 1Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Medical School, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China; School of Exercise and Health, Tianjin University of Sport, Tianjin, 300211, China.

Talanta
|January 23, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A new zwitterionic hydrogel enables comfortable wearable devices for monitoring heart rate variability (HRV) in diabetic patients with cardiac autonomic neuropathy (CAN). This technology offers real-time detection of autonomic nervous system (ANS) function.

Keywords:
Autonomic nervous systemDiabetesHeart rate variabilityHydrogelsWearable devices

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Materials Science
  • Cardiology

Background:

  • Cardiac autonomic neuropathy (CAN) significantly impacts diabetic patients, necessitating reliable monitoring solutions.
  • Current methods for assessing the autonomic nervous system (ANS) often lack continuous and comfortable monitoring capabilities.
  • Heart rate variability (HRV) is a key indicator of ANS function, crucial for managing CAN.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a zwitterionic conducting hydrogel for a wearable device to reliably detect and evaluate HRV parameters.
  • To assess the performance of the hydrogel in terms of strain, conductivity, and adhesion for wearable applications.
  • To evaluate the hydrogel-based device for continuous monitoring of ECG signals and HRV analysis in healthy individuals and diabetic patients with CAN.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of a zwitterionic conducting hydrogel with high strain (2003%) and electrical conductivity (190 mS/m).
  • Development of a wearable device incorporating the hydrogel for comfortable and continuous ECG signal monitoring.
  • Analysis of HRV parameters in time, frequency, and nonlinear domains from recorded ECG signals.
  • Display of ANS status via a WeChat mini-program.

Main Results:

  • The hydrogel demonstrated excellent adhesion to various surfaces (wood, plastic, glass).
  • Continuous ECG monitoring for 5 minutes in resting individuals was successfully achieved.
  • Diabetic patients with CAN exhibited significantly decreased HRV parameters compared to healthy individuals.
  • The developed system effectively displayed the state of the ANS.

Conclusions:

  • The zwitterionic conducting hydrogel is suitable for creating reliable and comfortable wearable devices for HRV monitoring.
  • The wearable device shows great potential for real-time monitoring of CAN in diabetic patients.
  • This technology paves the way for personalized human-computer interaction in healthcare and disease management.