Research on Sensitivity Improvement Methods for RTD Fluxgates Based on Feedback-Driven Stochastic Resonance with PSO

With the wide application of Residence Time Difference (RTD) fluxgate sensors in Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) aeromagnetic measurements, the requirements for their measurement accuracy are increasing. The core characteristics of the RTD fluxgate sensor limit its sensitivity; the high-permeability soft magnetic core is especially easily interfered with by the input noise. In this paper, based on the study of the excitation signal and input noise characteristics, the stochastic resonance is proposed to be realized by adding feedback by taking advantage of the high hysteresis loop rectangular ratio, low coercivity and bistability characteristics of the soft magnetic material core. Simulink is used to construct the sensor model of odd polynomial feedback control, and the Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithm is used to optimize the coefficients of the feedback function so that the sensor reaches a resonance state, thus reducing the noise interference and improving the sensitivity of the sensor. The simulation results show that optimizing the odd polynomial feedback coefficients with PSO enables the sensor to reach a resonance state, improving sensitivity by at least 23.5%, effectively enhancing sensor performance and laying a foundation for advancements in UAV aeromagnetic measurement technology.