Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Principle of Angular Impulse and Momentum: Problem Solving01:19

Principle of Angular Impulse and Momentum: Problem Solving

196
Consider a ball of mass m, attached to a massless rod of known length, subjected to a time-dependent torque. If the initial velocity of the mass is known, then the final velocity of the mass for time t can be determined using the principle of angular impulse and momentum.
Initially, a free-body diagram of the system is drawn to illustrate all the forces acting upon the system, providing a crucial understanding of the dynamics at play. Then, the principle of angular impulse and momentum is...
196
Principle of Angular Impulse and Momentum01:23

Principle of Angular Impulse and Momentum

506
The angular impulse and momentum principle provides insights into how forces applied at a distance from an object's rotational axis influence its angular velocity. It builds upon the crucial relationship between the moment of force and angular momentum. By integrating this equation, substituting the limits for the initial and final times, a comprehensive expression representing the angular impulse and momentum principle is derived.
506
Impulse01:13

Impulse

18.3K
According to Newton’s second law of motion, the rate of change of the momentum of an object is the net external force acting on it. The total change in momentum between two timepoints thus depends on both the external force acting on it and the time over which it acts. Describing this mathematically, the total change of an object’s motion is proportional to the force vector and the time over which it is applied. This product is called impulse.
Additionally, it can be shown that the...
18.3K
Relating Angular And Linear Quantities - I01:09

Relating Angular And Linear Quantities - I

6.5K
If the rotational definitions are compared with the definitions of linear kinematic variables from motion along a straight line and motion in two and three dimensions, we can observe a mapping of the linear variables to the rotational ones.
When comparing the linear and rotational variables individually, the linear variable of position has physical units of meters, whereas the angular position variable has dimensionless units of radians, as it is the ratio of two lengths. The linear velocity...
6.5K
Angular Velocity and Acceleration01:11

Angular Velocity and Acceleration

8.9K
We previously discussed angular velocity for uniform circular motion, however not all motion is uniform. Envision an ice skater spinning with their arms outstretched; when they pull their arms inward, their angular velocity increases. Additionally, think about a computer's hard disk slowing to a halt as the angular velocity decreases. The faster the change in angular velocity, the greater the angular acceleration. The instantaneous angular acceleration is defined as the derivative of...
8.9K
Principle of Impulse and Moment01:15

Principle of Impulse and Moment

194
When one considers a rigid body undergoing a plane motion, which is essentially a blend of translational and rotational movement, the application of Newton's second law gives the formula for the translational movement of such a body. If this equation is multiplied by a time interval, dt, and then integrated over the limits of integration, it results in an equation that embodies the principle of linear impulse.
194

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Cervical spinal cord stimulation disrupts proprioception yet improves voluntary arm reaching.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2026
Same author

Accuracy of the rapid-response electroencephalography's Automated Seizure Burden Estimator: A follow-up validation study of version 8 (AccuRASE II).

Epilepsia·2026
Same author

Effects of Normocalcemic Hyperparathyroidism on Structural Bone Compromise: A Prospective Observational Cohort Study.

Journal of bone metabolism·2026
Same author

Multiplex qPCR for the early detection of sepsis pathogens and its impact on antimicrobial therapy in critically ill patients.

Iranian journal of microbiology·2026
Same author

Prognosis of critically ill patients with cirrhosis and acute kidney injury initiated on dialysis.

BMC nephrology·2026
Same author

Small bone replacement leads to greater gait asymmetry, cartilage damage, and osteophyte formation than ligament injury in a porcine wrist model.

Osteoarthritis and cartilage open·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 30, 2025

Visualizing Motion Patterns in Acupuncture Manipulation
08:18

Visualizing Motion Patterns in Acupuncture Manipulation

Published on: July 16, 2016

8.7K

Linear and angular impulse generated by high school pitchers during fastballs and changeups.

Samantha Gajda1, Jun Ming Liu1, Janine Molino2

  • 1Stevens Institute of Technology, Hoboken, NJ, USA.

Journal of Biomechanics
|January 26, 2025
PubMed
Summary

High school pitchers use their back leg more for momentum generation in both fastballs and changeups. Despite differences in ball speed, impulse generation between pitch types showed no significant group-level differences.

Keywords:
BaseballChangeupFastballHigh schoolMomentumPitch

More Related Videos

Measuring 3D In-vivo Shoulder Kinematics using Biplanar Videoradiography
06:09

Measuring 3D In-vivo Shoulder Kinematics using Biplanar Videoradiography

Published on: March 12, 2021

3.0K
An Inertial Measurement Unit Based Method to Estimate Hip and Knee Joint Kinematics in Team Sport Athletes on the Field
06:52

An Inertial Measurement Unit Based Method to Estimate Hip and Knee Joint Kinematics in Team Sport Athletes on the Field

Published on: May 26, 2020

7.8K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 30, 2025

Visualizing Motion Patterns in Acupuncture Manipulation
08:18

Visualizing Motion Patterns in Acupuncture Manipulation

Published on: July 16, 2016

8.7K
Measuring 3D In-vivo Shoulder Kinematics using Biplanar Videoradiography
06:09

Measuring 3D In-vivo Shoulder Kinematics using Biplanar Videoradiography

Published on: March 12, 2021

3.0K
An Inertial Measurement Unit Based Method to Estimate Hip and Knee Joint Kinematics in Team Sport Athletes on the Field
06:52

An Inertial Measurement Unit Based Method to Estimate Hip and Knee Joint Kinematics in Team Sport Athletes on the Field

Published on: May 26, 2020

7.8K

Area of Science:

  • Biomechanics
  • Sports Science
  • Baseball Pitching Mechanics

Background:

  • Baseball pitchers generate momentum using ground reaction forces for optimal performance.
  • Pitchers utilize fastballs for velocity and changeups for deception, requiring distinct mechanics.
  • Understanding whole-body momentum generation is crucial for analyzing pitching effectiveness.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the role of each leg in impulse generation for high school pitchers.
  • To compare impulse generation between fastballs and changeups.
  • To investigate the relationship between net impulses and ball speed.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of whole-body momentum generation in high school pitchers during fastballs and changeups.
  • Utilized linear mixed models to assess impulse generation differences between the lead and back legs.
  • Compared net linear and angular impulses between fastballs and changeups, and correlated them with ball speed.

Main Results:

  • The back leg significantly contributed more to forward linear impulse and angular impulse than the lead leg for both pitch types.
  • No significant group-level differences in net forward linear impulse or angular impulses were found between fastballs and changeups.
  • No significant group-level associations were detected between ball speed and net impulses for either pitch type, although individual trends existed.

Conclusions:

  • Pitching mechanics emphasize back leg contribution to impulse generation, regardless of pitch type (fastball vs. changeup).
  • The observed lack of significant group-level differences in impulse generation between pitch types suggests other factors influence ball speed.
  • Further research may explore individual variations and other biomechanical factors influencing pitch velocity and deception.