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Predicting Multijoint Maximal Eccentric and Concentric Strength With Force-Velocity Jump Mechanics in Collegiate
Zachary J McClean1,2, Mark McKenzie1,2, Matthew Zukowski1,2
1Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.
Loaded countermovement-jump (CMJ) testing reliably predicts maximal leg-press strength in athletes. This velocity-load approach offers a viable alternative for assessing muscle force-velocity characteristics.
Area of Science:
- Sports Science
- Biomechanics
- Exercise Physiology
Background:
- Maximal muscle strength assessment traditionally relies on single-joint or repetition-maximum tests.
- Alternative, reliable, and valid methods for assessing strength are needed, particularly for athletic populations.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the reliability of countermovement-jump (CMJ) velocity-load testing.
- To assess the relationship between CMJ velocity-load kinetics and multijoint leg-press strength (concentric, isometric, eccentric) in trained athletes.
Main Methods:
- University athletes (N=203) performed maximal voluntary leg-extension contractions on a robotic leg press.
- Countermovement-jump (CMJ) testing was conducted with varying external loads (0%, 30%, 60% body mass).
- Linear models analyzed the CMJ velocity-load relationship and predicted leg-press strength using CMJ kinetics.
Main Results:
- Load intercept and sex predicted isometric leg-press strength (R²=.565).
- Load intercept, CMJ60 concentric impulse, and sex predicted concentric leg-press strength (R²=.657).
- Minimum downward velocity, CMJ60 eccentric deceleration impulse, and sex predicted eccentric leg-press strength (R²=.359).
Conclusions:
- Loaded CMJ velocity-load testing is a reliable and viable method for assessing force-velocity mechanics.
- This approach can accurately predict maximal concentric, isometric, and eccentric leg-press strength in competitive athletes.
- Findings support the use of loaded CMJ testing for performance and injury prevention.
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