Brain-Computer Interface and Electrochemical Sensor Based on Boron-Nitrogen Co-Doped Graphene-Diamond Microelectrode...

Area of Science:

• Biomedical Engineering
• Neuroscience
• Materials Science

Background:

• Simultaneous detection of electroencephalography (EEG) and neurotransmitter levels is crucial for understanding emotions and cognition.
• Existing biosensing technologies face challenges in sensitivity, stability, and simultaneous signal detection.

Purpose of the Study:

• To develop novel boron and nitrogen codoped graphene-diamond (BNGrD) microelectrodes for simultaneous EEG and dopamine detection.
• To evaluate the performance and stability of the developed microelectrodes.
• To design a portable system for real-time, minimally invasive monitoring.

Main Methods:

• Fabrication of boron and nitrogen codoped graphene-diamond (BNGrD) microelectrodes with a 200 μm diameter.
• Testing of microelectrode sensitivity, signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) for EEG, and limit of detection (LOD) for dopamine.
• Development of a flexible printed circuit board, an eight-channel EEG headband, and a portable EEG collector with miniaturized BNGrD microelectrodes.

Main Results:

• The BNGrD microelectrodes achieved an SNR of 9 dB for spontaneous EEG signals.
• A low limit of detection (LOD) of 124 nM for dopamine was achieved.
• Demonstrated excellent repeatability, reproducibility, and stability in detecting both EEG and dopamine signals.

Conclusions:

• The developed BNGrD microelectrodes offer sensitive and stable simultaneous detection of EEG and dopamine.
• These microelectrodes provide a foundation for correlating brain activity with neurotransmitter levels.
• The portable system has potential applications in remote diagnosis and treatment of emotional and cognitive diseases.