Cytotoxicity Profile of Schiff Base Organotin(IV) Complexes: Experimental and Theoretical Approach

Present work deals with the synthesis, characterization and biological investigation of Schiff base ((E)N'(2,3-dihydroxybenzylidene)isonicotinohydrazide (L)) and its diorganotin(IV) complexes (R₂SnL, diphenyltin(IV) complex R = Ph (1), dimethyltin(IV) complex R = Me(2))by experimental and theoretical approach. All the complexes were characterized by spectroscopic techniques including FTIR, multinuclear NMR and theoretical studies. Theoretical calculations were carried out using Gaussian 09 software which also supports the experimental analysis. Molecular docking studies using Autodock software were carried out to predict the binding pose and affinity of the complexes towards particular proteins. DNA binding studies by UV titrations and in-silico studies showed the superior binding of diphenyltin(IV) complex (1) and dimethyltin(IV) complex (2) in an intercalative mode. In- vitro cytotoxicity analysis of L and its complexes (1, 2) was carried out against two cancer cell lines using MTT assay. Diphenyltin(IV) complex (1) was more potent and cytotoxic against studied cancer cell lines i.e.C6 Glioblastoma cells and SH-SY5Y Neuroblastoma cells.