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Does Facial Gunshot Wound Location Affect the Need for Airway Intervention?
Mohammed Qaisi1,2, Thaer Al Azzawi3, Othman Rezki3
1Oral-Head & Neck Oncology/ Microvascular Surgery, Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, MWU, Downers Grove, USA.
Journal of Maxillofacial and Oral Surgery
|February 4, 2025
Summary
Gunshot wounds to the face often require airway intervention. Injuries to the lower face significantly increase the need for airway management in trauma patients.
Area of Science:
- Trauma Surgery
- Emergency Medicine
- Otolaryngology
Background:
- Facial gunshot wounds (GSW) present complex challenges in trauma care.
- Airway management is a critical concern in patients with facial trauma.
- Understanding the impact of injury location on airway intervention is essential.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the relationship between the specific facial region affected by gunshot wounds (GSW) and the necessity for airway intervention.
- To analyze demographic data and airway intervention rates in GSW patients.
Main Methods:
- A cross-sectional study analyzing patient charts from Cook County Health (2008-2018).
- Data included demographics, GSW facial region, and airway intervention (intubation, cricothyrotomy, tracheostomy).
- Statistical analyses employed chi-square tests and odds ratios.
Main Results:
- The study reviewed 180 GSW patients; 45% overall required airway intervention.
- Patients with lower face GSW had a 53% rate of airway management, versus 33% (middle face) and 30% (upper face).
- Dichotomizing injuries into upper and lower halves revealed a statistically significant difference (p=0.037) in airway intervention need.
Conclusions:
- While not all facial GSW patients require airway intervention, vigilance is crucial.
- Patients with lower facial gunshot wounds demonstrate a significantly higher need for airway management.
- Close monitoring and prompt intervention are recommended, particularly for lower facial injuries.
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