Role of ALT Perforator Flaps in Head and Neck Reconstruction

Area of Science:

• Microsurgery
• Plastic Surgery
• Reconstructive Surgery

Background:

• The anterolateral thigh (ALT) flap is recognized for its versatility and advantages, including a long pedicle, large harvestable skin area, and minimal donor site morbidity.
• Its utility in reconstructive surgery, particularly for head and neck defects, is well-established.

Purpose of the Study:

• To evaluate the aesthetic and functional outcomes of the ALT perforator flap in head and neck reconstruction.
• To demonstrate the effectiveness of the ALT flap in managing extensive soft tissue defects in this region.

Main Methods:

• A prospective case study involving 100 patients (53 males, 47 females; age 30-90 years) who underwent head and neck reconstruction using free ALT flaps between 2020 and 2022.
• Data collected included flap characteristics, operative details, donor site management, complications, and post-operative aesthetic and functional outcomes via regular follow-up.

Main Results:

• No flap loss was recorded in any of the 100 patients.
• Satisfactory aesthetic and functional outcomes were achieved in all cases.
• Donor sites were managed with direct closure in 28 patients and split-thickness skin grafting in 20 patients.

Conclusions:

• The anterolateral thigh flap is a highly versatile and reliable option for head and neck reconstruction.
• Its favorable characteristics, including a robust pedicle and minimal donor site morbidity, allow for diverse defect reconstruction.
• The ALT flap consistently provides excellent aesthetic and functional results in complex head and neck cases.