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Portion Estimation, Satiety Perception and Energy Intake Following Different Breakfast Portion Sizes in Healthy
Kinga Kwiecien1, Lourdes Santos-Merx1,2, Tarsem Sahota1
1Leicester School of Allied Health Sciences, De Montfort University, Leicester, UK.
Nutrition Bulletin
|February 5, 2025
Summary
Reducing breakfast portion size may lead to increased snacking on energy-dense foods, potentially impacting overall daily energy intake. This study investigated breakfast size effects on satiety and consumption patterns.
Area of Science:
- Nutrition Science
- Behavioral Science
Background:
- Expected satiety influences meal portion size and food consumption.
- The effect of varying breakfast portion sizes on satiety and subsequent energy intake is not well understood.
Purpose of the Study:
- To examine the impact of different breakfast portion sizes on satiety, perceived portion size, and energy intake.
- To investigate whether individuals can accurately predict satiety and portion size from visual cues.
Main Methods:
- An online survey and experimental intervention involving 16 adults.
- Participants rated visual images of three breakfast portion sizes (small, standard, large).
- Participants self-prepared and consumed each portion size ad libitum, with satiety and energy intake measured.
Main Results:
- Smaller breakfast portions were rated as least filling, while larger portions were rated as most filling.
- Consuming a small breakfast led to increased hunger and higher energy intake from lunch onwards, primarily through snacking.
- Total daily energy intake did not significantly differ across the three breakfast portion sizes.
Conclusions:
- Individuals appear adept at predicting satiety and portion size from visual representations.
- A small breakfast may be perceived as insufficient, prompting compensatory snacking on energy-dense foods.
- Reducing breakfast size could inadvertently lead to unhealthy eating patterns due to increased snacking.
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