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Testing Sensory and Multisensory Function in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder

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An Open-Source Smartphone Otoacoustic Emissions Test for Infants.

Nada Ali¹, Justin Chan², Anna Meehan^3,4

¹Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington.

|February 5, 2025

Summary

A novel smartphone device effectively screens infant hearing loss using otoacoustic emissions (OAEs). This low-cost technology offers a scalable solution for universal newborn hearing screening in underserved regions.

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Area of Science:

Biomedical Engineering
Otoacoustic Emissions
Infant Hearing Screening

Background:

Universal infant hearing screening is critical for early detection of hearing loss.
Existing equipment is often costly and not suitable for resource-limited settings.
There is a need for accessible and scalable hearing screening tools.

Purpose of the Study:

To evaluate a low-cost, smartphone-based device for infant hearing screening.
To compare the performance of the smartphone device against a conventional otoacoustic emission (OAE) device.

Main Methods:

Infants aged 0-6 months from high-prevalence clinics were recruited.
A low-cost, open-source distortion product otoacoustic emission (DPOAE) probe and smartphone app were tested.
Results were compared to a commercial OAE device, with hearing status confirmed by diagnostic testing.

Main Results:

The smartphone device showed 100% sensitivity and 88% specificity.
Negative predictive value was 100% for the smartphone device.
Referral rates were comparable between the smartphone (24%) and conventional (26%) devices.

Conclusions:

Smartphone-based DPOAE detection is an effective method for infant hearing screening.
This technology presents a promising, low-cost solution for scalable newborn and infant hearing programs, particularly in resource-constrained environments.