[ALLERGIC FUNGAL RHINOSINUSITIS].

Area of Science:

• Otolaryngology
• Allergy Immunology

Background:

• Allergic fungal rhinosinusitis (AFRS) is a distinct subtype of chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS).
• It affects 8% of CRS cases globally, characterized by fungal allergy and eosinophilic mucin.
• Diagnosis involves CRS criteria, eosinophilic mucin, fungal allergy, and specific CT findings.

Purpose of the Study:

• To outline the characteristics and diagnostic criteria of AFRS.
• To discuss the therapeutic challenges and management strategies for AFRS.

Main Methods:

• Review of diagnostic criteria for AFRS.
• Description of characteristic findings on computed tomography (CT).
• Outline of treatment modalities, including surgery and medical management.

Main Results:

• AFRS presents with allergic reactions to fungi, leading to sinus inflammation and mucin accumulation.
• Endoscopic sinus surgery for AFRS is complex with higher complication rates.
• Pre-operative steroids and post-operative nasal care are crucial for successful outcomes.

Conclusions:

• AFRS requires specific diagnostic considerations within the CRS spectrum.
• Surgical management of AFRS necessitates careful pre- and post-operative medical treatment.
• Successful AFRS management relies on a combination of surgical intervention and sustained medical therapy.