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Updated: May 28, 2025
Endaural Endoscopic Atticoantrotomy Retrograde Mastoidectomy using a Constant Suction Bone-drilling Technique
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Trainee-Reported Outcomes of Otology Simulation Training: Examining Effectiveness of the VOXEL-MAN Temporal Bone
Lauren Bolton1, Emma Gill2, Savan Shah3
1ENT, Leeds General Infirmary, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, GBR.
Introduction:
Mastoid surgery is technically challenging with complex three-dimensional (3D) anatomy. With reduced access to traditional training methods and increasing new technologies available, virtual reality simulation is being evaluated in a regional training program as an adjunct to existing training structures.
Methods:
Twenty higher surgical trainees were instructed to complete a cortical mastoidectomy and posterior tympanotomy on a VOXEL-MAN simulator (VOXEL-MAN, Hamburg, Germany). A pre- and post-session questionnaire was completed.
Results:
The visual analogue score for familiarity with the temporal bone 3D anatomy, cortical mastoidectomy and posterior tympanotomy surgical landmarks increased by 1.8 cm (p<0.0001), 1.4 cm (p<0.0001) and 2.2 cm (p<0.0001), respectively. Thirty percent of trainees felt that they had received adequate otology exposure within the last two years; 20% felt they would acquire enough experience to become a consultant otologist.
Conclusion:
The VOXEL-MAN temporal bone simulator is effective in improving perceived anatomical and surgical knowledge and trainee confidence. Incorporating it into training programmes can help trainees compensate for the impact of the pandemic.
