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Certifying Quantum Temporal Correlation via Randomized Measurements: Theory and Experiment.

Hongfeng Liu1, Zhenhuan Liu2, Shu Chen2

  • 1Southern University of Science and Technology, Department of Physics, Shenzhen 518055, China.

Physical Review Letters
|February 14, 2025
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

We present an efficient method to detect temporal quantum correlations using the pseudo-density operator (PDO). This approach uses randomized measurements, requiring fewer resources than traditional tomography for quantum systems.

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Area of Science:

  • Quantum Information Science
  • Quantum Foundations
  • Quantum Measurement

Background:

  • Temporal quantum correlations are certified by pseudo-density operators (PDOs), with negative eigenvalues indicating their presence.
  • Conventional PDO tomography is resource-intensive, requiring exponential resources and involving redundant information.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop an efficient protocol for detecting temporal quantum correlations.
  • To reduce the resource requirements for identifying quantum temporal correlations.

Main Methods:

  • Virtually preparing the PDO within a single time slice.
  • Estimating second-order moments using randomized measurements.
  • Sample complexity analysis to determine measurement requirements.

Main Results:

  • The developed protocol requires only a constant number of measurement bases.
  • Runtime complexity remains constant regardless of the number of qubits, ideal for ensemble measurements.
  • Experimental validation on a nuclear magnetic resonance platform confirmed theoretical predictions.

Conclusions:

  • The proposed protocol offers an efficient and resource-saving method for certifying temporal quantum correlations.
  • This technique is advantageous for quantum systems, particularly those employing ensemble average measurements.