Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Potential Due to a Polarized Object01:29

Potential Due to a Polarized Object

356
A neutral atom consists of a positively charged nucleus surrounded by a negatively charged electron cloud. When placed in an external electric field, the external electric force pulls the electrons and nucleus apart, opposite to the intrinsic attraction between the nucleus and the electrons. The opposing forces balance each other with a slight shift between the center of masses of the nucleus and the electron cloud, resulting in a polarized atom. On the other hand, a few molecules, like water,...
356
Electrostatic Boundary Conditions01:16

Electrostatic Boundary Conditions

404
Consider an external electric field propagating through a homogeneous medium. When the electric field crosses the surface boundary of the medium, it undergoes a discontinuity. The electric field can be resolved into normal and tangential components. The amount by which the field changes at any boundary is given by the difference between the field components above and below the surface boundary.
The surface integral of an electric field is given by Gauss's law in integral form and is related to...
404
Coulomb's Law01:30

Coulomb's Law

8.9K
Experiments with electric charges have shown that if two objects each have an electric charge, they exert an electric force on each other. The magnitude of the force is linearly proportional to the net charge on each object and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them. The direction of the force vector is along the imaginary line joining the two objects and is dictated by the signs of the charges involved.
Newton's third law applies to the Coulomb force — the...
8.9K
Electric Field of Two Equal and Opposite Charges01:30

Electric Field of Two Equal and Opposite Charges

5.8K
Atoms generally contain the same number of positively and negatively charged particles, protons, and electrons. Hence, they are electrically neutral. However, the centers of the positive and negative charges do not always coincide. In such a scenario, the electric field of an atom may not be zero.
A separation of the positive and negative charges can lead to a weak, remnant effect of the positive and negative charges. The expectation is that the more the distance between the positive and...
5.8K
Electric Field01:16

Electric Field

10.5K
Consider two point charges, each exerting Coulomb force on the other. It is possible to describe the Coulomb interaction via an intermediate step by defining a new physical quantity called the electric field.
In the new picture, imagine that the first charge sets up an electric field independent of all other charges in the universe. When another charge comes in its vicinity, the second charge experiences an electric force depending on the electric field at that point. The source charge does not...
10.5K
Calculations of Electric Potential II01:27

Calculations of Electric Potential II

1.6K
An electric dipole is a system of two equal but opposite charges, separated by a fixed distance. This system is used to model many real-world systems, including atomic and molecular interactions. One of these systems is the water molecule, but only under certain circumstances. These circumstances are met inside a microwave oven, where electric fields with alternating directions make the water molecules change orientation. This vibration is equivalent to heat at the molecular level.
Consider a...
1.6K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Mosaic <i>DICER1</i> RNase IIIb hotspot mutation with multiple tumors: case report and literature review.

Frontiers in oncology·2026
Same author

Signal peptide engineering of a novel M4 family keratinase and the action mechanism in promoting pepper tolerance to salt stress through KerJY23-hydrolyzed feather waste.

Synthetic and systems biotechnology·2026
Same author

Mechanically Planar Chiral Molecules by a SuFEx-Auxiliary Approach.

Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)·2026
Same author

Dynamic changes in nutrient composition and gene expression during persimmon fruit development.

BMC plant biology·2026
Same author

Efficacy and safety of dinutuximab beta combined with GM-CSF and isotretinoin ± chemotherapy as first-line maintenance treatment for pediatric high-risk neuroblastoma in China.

Frontiers in oncology·2026
Same author

Cellulose-based separators in aqueous zinc-ion batteries: Mechanistic strategies for dendrite suppression and performance enhancement.

Carbohydrate polymers·2026
Same journal

Erratum: Bacterial Turbulence at Compressible Fluid Interfaces [Phys. Rev. Lett. 136, 138301 (2026)].

Physical review letters·2026
Same journal

Unveiling Light-Quark Yukawa Flavor Structure via Dihadron Fragmentation at Lepton Colliders.

Physical review letters·2026
Same journal

Adaptable Route to Fast Coherent State Transport via Bang-Bang-Bang Protocols.

Physical review letters·2026
Same journal

Topological Transition and Emergence of Elasticity of Dislocation in Skyrmion Lattice: Beyond Kittel's Magnetic-Polar Analogy.

Physical review letters·2026
Same journal

Pound-Drever-Hall Method for Superconducting-Qubit Readout.

Physical review letters·2026
Same journal

Coupling a ^{73}Ge Nuclear Spin to an Electrostatically Defined Quantum Dot in Silicon.

Physical review letters·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 28, 2025

Preparation and Friction Force Microscopy Measurements of Immiscible, Opposing Polymer Brushes
13:57

Preparation and Friction Force Microscopy Measurements of Immiscible, Opposing Polymer Brushes

Published on: December 24, 2014

14.0K

Electrostatic Correlation Augmented Self-Consistent Field Theory and Its Application to Polyelectrolyte Brushes.

Chao Duan1, Nikhil R Agrawal1, Rui Wang1,2

  • 1University of California, Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Berkeley, California 94720, USA.

Physical Review Letters
|February 14, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Ion correlations in polymers cause nonmonotonic changes in polyelectrolyte brush height, leading to collapse and reexpansion. This phenomenon arises from competing entropic and correlation-induced forces, impacting soft matter behavior.

More Related Videos

Generation and Control of Electrohydrodynamic Flows in Aqueous Electrolyte Solutions
08:41

Generation and Control of Electrohydrodynamic Flows in Aqueous Electrolyte Solutions

Published on: September 7, 2018

8.8K
AC Electrokinetic Phenomena Generated by Microelectrode Structures
20:38

AC Electrokinetic Phenomena Generated by Microelectrode Structures

Published on: July 28, 2008

11.5K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 28, 2025

Preparation and Friction Force Microscopy Measurements of Immiscible, Opposing Polymer Brushes
13:57

Preparation and Friction Force Microscopy Measurements of Immiscible, Opposing Polymer Brushes

Published on: December 24, 2014

14.0K
Generation and Control of Electrohydrodynamic Flows in Aqueous Electrolyte Solutions
08:41

Generation and Control of Electrohydrodynamic Flows in Aqueous Electrolyte Solutions

Published on: September 7, 2018

8.8K
AC Electrokinetic Phenomena Generated by Microelectrode Structures
20:38

AC Electrokinetic Phenomena Generated by Microelectrode Structures

Published on: July 28, 2008

11.5K

Area of Science:

  • Soft matter physics
  • Polymer science
  • Physical chemistry

Background:

  • Modeling ion correlations in inhomogeneous polymers is challenging.
  • Spatially varying ionic strength or dielectric permittivity complicates polymer behavior.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Develop a theory incorporating electrostatic fluctuations into self-consistent field theory.
  • Explain experimental observations in polyelectrolyte brushes.

Main Methods:

  • Developed a new theory integrating electrostatic fluctuations.
  • Applied the theory to polyelectrolyte brushes.
  • Performed scaling analysis.

Main Results:

  • Ion correlations induce nonmonotonic brush height changes (collapse then reexpansion).
  • Identified competition between osmotic pressure and ion correlation attraction.
  • Clarified no causal link between brush collapse and surface potential inversion.
  • Observed microphase separation (micelles or oscillatory layers) due to strong correlations.

Conclusions:

  • The new theory accurately predicts experimental results for polyelectrolyte brushes.
  • Ion correlations play a critical role in soft matter and polymer behavior.
  • Understanding ion correlations is key to controlling polymer architectures and properties.