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Screening For Critical Congenital Heart Disease Using Pulse-Oximetry, The First Egyptian Multicentre Study

Mohammad Eltahlawi1, Alaa Elghamrawy2, Maiy Hamdy Elsayed3

  • 1Zagazig University, Cardiology Department, Zagazig, Egypt.

Cardiology in the Young
|February 17, 2025
PubMed

Insights

Pulse-oximetry effectively screens newborns for critical congenital heart disease (CHD) in Egypt. This study found a higher prevalence of critical CHD, suggesting the tool

Area of Science:

  • Neonatal screening
  • Cardiology
  • Public health

Background:

  • Congenital heart disease (CHD) is a major cause of infant mortality.
  • Pulse-oximetry offers a simple, non-invasive method for critical CHD screening.
  • The applicability of pulse-oximetry screening in diverse healthcare settings requires evaluation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the preliminary results of using pulse-oximetry for critical CHD detection in Egyptian newborns.
  • To determine the feasibility and effectiveness of pulse-oximetry screening in a low-income country context.

Main Methods:

  • A prospective screening protocol using pulse-oximetry (Granelli protocol) was implemented.
  • 2392 neonates in 10 Egyptian university hospitals were screened within 24-72 hours of birth.
  • Echocardiography was used to confirm diagnoses in neonates who failed the pulse-oximetry screening.

Main Results:

  • 23% (549/2392) of neonates failed the pulse-oximetry screening.
  • Echocardiography confirmed CHD in 80.3% of positive cases.
  • The prevalence of critical CHD was 16.7 per 1000 live births, higher than global averages.

Conclusions:

  • The prevalence of critical CHD in Egypt is notably high.
  • Pulse-oximetry is a viable and effective mass screening tool for critical CHD in low-income settings.
  • Implementing pulse-oximetry screening can improve early detection and management of critical CHD in newborns.
Abstract

Keywords:
Congenital heartpulse-oximetryscreening

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