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Author Spotlight: Enhancing Engineering Education via WebVR-Based Online Laboratories
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Loka: A Cross-Platform Virtual Reality Streaming Framework for the Metaverse.

Hsiao-Wen Kao1,2, Yan-Cyuan Chen1, Eric Hsiao-Kuang Wu1

  • 1Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering, National Central University, Taoyuan 320317, Taiwan.

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)
|February 26, 2025
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Summary

Virtual reality (VR) streaming enhances Metaverse accessibility by overcoming hardware limits. Loka, a new framework, enables immersive, collaborative VR experiences on various devices via cloud rendering and WebRTC.

Keywords:
Metaversecloud renderinginternet of thingsvirtual reality

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Area of Science:

  • Computer Science
  • Virtual Reality
  • Metaverse Technologies

Background:

  • Virtual Reality (VR) is crucial for the Metaverse, but faces hardware and compatibility challenges.
  • VR streaming can improve accessibility by offloading computation to remote servers.
  • Existing solutions struggle with seamless multiplayer and cross-platform compatibility for social VR.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To present Loka, a VR streaming framework addressing Metaverse challenges.
  • To enable high-quality, socially interactive VR experiences on diverse hardware.
  • To facilitate research and development in the Metaverse through an extensible platform.

Main Methods:

  • Developed Loka using Unity Engine and WebRTC for cross-platform compatibility.
  • Integrated custom sensory data streams (motion capture, IoT physiological signals).
  • Implemented native multiplayer and multicasting for collaborative experiences.
  • Utilized cloud-based rendering with low-latency streaming.

Main Results:

  • Loka provides a versatile and extensible VR streaming framework.
  • Achieved seamless cross-platform VR experiences without device-specific SDKs.
  • Enabled integration of custom sensory data for enhanced user interaction and personalization.
  • Facilitated collaborative social experiences through native multiplayer capabilities.
  • Supported immersive VR on a wide range of devices, reducing hardware requirements.

Conclusions:

  • Loka effectively addresses key challenges in VR streaming for the Metaverse.
  • The framework enhances accessibility and supports social interaction and real-time collaboration.
  • Loka's modularity and extensibility foster future Metaverse development and research.