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The muscles of the forearm that move the wrist, hand, and digits are numerous and diverse. They can be classified into two groups based on their location and function — the anterior and posterior compartment muscles.
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The upper limb consists of the arm, forearm, wrist, and hand bones. The humerus is the single bone of the upper arm region. Proximally, it has a large, spherical, smooth head that articulates with the glenoid cavity of the scapula to form the glenohumeral or shoulder joint. The margin of the head is the anatomical neck, a residual epiphyseal plate. Laterally it extends to form bony projections called the greater tubercle and the lesser tubercle. Next to the tubercles is the surgical neck, a...
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The ulna and radius are parallel bones of the antebrachium or the forearm. The ulna lies medially and consists of a bony tip called the olecranon process at its proximal end. This hook-like projection articulates with the olecranon fossa of the humerus and forms the "hinged" ulnohumeral part of the elbow joint. This joint facilitates forearm extension and flexion while preventing its hyperextension. Similarly, the coronoid process, another bony projection on the proximal/anterior side...
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Wrist and Hand Injuries in Baseball.

Harin Bhavin Parikh1, Steven S Shin1

  • 1Department of Orthopaedics, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, 444 South San Vicente Boulevard, Suite 603, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA.

Clinics in Sports Medicine
|February 28, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Professional baseball players often sustain hand and wrist injuries. This study details the diagnosis, management, and rehabilitation of common injuries like fractures and ligament tears in these athletes.

Keywords:
BlistersExtensor carpus ulnaris subluxationFlexor tendon pulley ruptureHook of hamate fractureHypothenar hammer syndromeScapholunate instabilityTFCC injuryThumb ulnar collateral ligament rupture

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Area of Science:

  • Sports Medicine
  • Orthopedic Surgery
  • Athletic Training

Background:

  • Baseball activities like pitching, catching, and base-running place significant stress on the hand and wrist.
  • Professional baseball players are particularly susceptible to specific hand and wrist injuries due to the high demands of their sport.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a comprehensive overview of the diagnosis, management, and rehabilitation strategies for common hand and wrist injuries in professional baseball players.
  • To serve as a resource for clinicians and athletic trainers working with this population.

Main Methods:

  • Review of common hand and wrist injuries in professional baseball.
  • Discussion of diagnostic approaches, including clinical examination and imaging.
  • Outline of conservative and surgical management options.
  • Description of rehabilitation protocols tailored to baseball athletes.

Main Results:

  • Specific wrist injuries covered include hook of hamate fractures, extensor carpi ulnaris tendon disorders, scapholunate instability, and triangular fibrocartilage complex tears.
  • Key hand injuries addressed are thumb ulnar collateral ligament injury, flexor tendon pulley rupture, hypothenar hammer syndrome, and blisters.
  • The study emphasizes a structured approach to treatment and recovery for each condition.

Conclusions:

  • Prompt and accurate diagnosis is crucial for effective management of baseball-related hand and wrist injuries.
  • Tailored management and rehabilitation plans are essential for the successful return to play for professional baseball athletes.
  • Understanding these specific injuries can improve player outcomes and longevity in the sport.