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Related Concept Videos

Flow Cytometry01:23

Flow Cytometry

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The development of flow cytometry techniques began in 1934 with initial attempts by Andrew Moldavan, a bacteriologist who counted the cells in a flowing capillary system. Moldavan pumped cells through a capillary tube focused under a microscope for visualization. The invention of photometry allowed the measurement of differentially-stained cells, and Louis Kamentsky developed the first multiparameter flow cytometer in 1965 to identify and count the cancer cells in cervical tissue specimens.
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Detection of Fluorescent Nanoparticle Interactions with Primary Immune Cell Subpopulations by Flow Cytometry
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Microplastics and nanoplastics detection using flow cytometry: Challenges and methodological advances with

Lucas Ainé1,2, Justine Jacquin1, Colette Breysse1

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Flow cytometry (FC) offers advanced detection of microplastics and nanoplastics (MNPs). Despite challenges with dye solubility, recent improvements enhance MNP quantification accuracy for environmental monitoring.

Keywords:
Flow cytometryMicroplasticNanoplasticNile red

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Science
  • Analytical Chemistry

Background:

  • Flow cytometry (FC) is a powerful technique for quantifying microparticles and nanoparticles (>200 nm).
  • FC has been adapted for environmental analysis of microplastics and nanoplastics (MNPs), utilizing Nile Red for enhanced detection.
  • Traditional methods often miss smaller particles (<1 µm), highlighting FC's advantage in automated, sensitive detection.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent advancements in flow cytometry for microplastic and nanoplastic detection.
  • To identify technical improvements and remaining metrological challenges in FC-based MNP analysis.
  • To provide insights for refining FC methods for future environmental investigations.

Main Methods:

  • Review of recent scientific literature on flow cytometry applications for MNP detection.
  • Analysis of methodologies for enhancing MNP quantification accuracy, including dye solubilization techniques.
  • Examination of automated detection capabilities of FC for particles under 1 µm.

Main Results:

  • Nile Red significantly improves sensitivity and specificity in MNP detection via FC.
  • Undissolved dye in aqueous media poses a challenge for accurate MNP quantification.
  • Co-solvents, surfactants, pre-filtration, and pre-sonication are key strategies to overcome dye-related limitations.

Conclusions:

  • Flow cytometry is a promising technique for sensitive and automated MNP detection in environmental samples.
  • Addressing dye solubility issues is crucial for improving the metrological reliability of FC-based MNP quantification.
  • Further refinement of FC methodologies is needed for comprehensive MNP analysis.