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How Intersectionality Informs Occupational Therapy Practice, Education, and Research: A Scoping Review.

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Intersectionality in occupational therapy is underrepresented in literature, leading to inequities for diverse students and clients. Emerging strategies emphasize holistic care by considering multilayered identities and context.

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Area of Science:

  • Occupational Therapy
  • Health Professions Education
  • Health Equity

Background:

  • Occupational therapy practice, research, and education often lack intersectional considerations, potentially causing inequities for diverse students and clients.
  • A Western-based, individualistic perspective in practice does not align with the diverse demographics and needs of the client population.
  • Addressing intersectionality is crucial for providing culturally responsive and client-centered care.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically review scholarly literature on the representation of intersectionality in occupational therapy.
  • To identify current strategies and gaps in integrating intersectionality within occupational therapy education, practice, and research.

Main Methods:

  • A comprehensive literature search was conducted across CINAHL, MEDLINE, and PsycINFO databases.
  • Systematic review guidelines (PRISMA-ScR) were followed for article selection (2013-2023, English).
  • 36 relevant peer-reviewed articles were identified and analyzed thematically.

Main Results:

  • Key themes identified were education, practice, and research, with subthemes highlighting specific challenges and strategies.
  • Diverse students reported negative experiences and a lack of belonging due to the absence of intersectional approaches in education.
  • Clients faced access disparities and limited occupational participation, necessitating culturally humble and context-aware practice strategies.
  • Research strategies emphasized collaborative approaches to capture the lived experiences of diverse populations.

Conclusions:

  • Intersectionality serves as a vital lens for occupational therapy professionals to address inequities and enhance client-centered care.
  • Integrating intersectionality into education, practice, and research is essential for promoting inclusivity and addressing the complex needs of diverse individuals.
  • The findings challenge the field to adopt a more holistic and equitable approach by actively considering intersectional identities and contexts.