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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 24, 2025

Oral Biofilm Sampling for Microbiome Analysis in Healthy Children
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Association between oral microbiome and depression: A population-based study.

Ziyang Zheng1, Mingzhang Xu1, Keming Xiao1

  • 1Department of Oral Implantology, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China; Luzhou Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Luzhou 646000, China; Institute of Stomatology, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China.

Journal of Affective Disorders
|March 6, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Lower oral microbiome diversity is linked to higher depression risk and severity. This research highlights the oral-brain axis and potential new therapeutic targets for mental health.

Keywords:
DepressionNHANESOral microbiome diversityOral-brain axisPHQ

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiome research
  • Neuroscience
  • Mental health

Background:

  • Depression significantly impacts adolescents and young adults globally.
  • While gut microbiota's role in depression is known, the oral microbiome's influence is less understood.
  • The oral-brain axis suggests oral health impacts systemic and brain function.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between oral microbiome diversity and depression.
  • Utilized data from 6212 participants in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2009-2012.
  • Explored the oral-brain axis in relation to mental health.

Main Methods:

  • Oral microbiome diversity assessed via 16S rRNA sequencing of oral rinse samples.
  • Measured alpha-diversity (observed ASVs, Faith's PD) and beta-diversity.
  • Assessed depressive symptoms using the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) and employed regression models.

Main Results:

  • 10.03% of participants had depression.
  • Higher oral microbiome alpha-diversity correlated with lower depression risk (OR: 0.713 for ASVs, 0.584 for Faith's PD).
  • Greater alpha-diversity linked to lower PHQ-9 scores; significant differences in microbiome composition between groups were found.

Conclusions:

  • Reduced oral microbiome diversity is associated with increased depression risk and severity.
  • Emphasizes the significance of the oral-brain axis in mental health.
  • Calls for further research into mechanisms and therapeutic strategies targeting the oral microbiome for depression.