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New Insights in Bovine Follicular Cysts
Alice Carbonari1, Nicola Antonio Martino2, Matteo Burgio1
1Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Valenzano, Italy.
Reproduction in Domestic Animals = Zuchthygiene
|March 8, 2025
Summary
Dairy cows with follicular cysts show higher levels of Kisspeptin-10 (Kp-10) and Gonadotropin inhibiting hormone (GnIH). This is linked to reduced Kp-10 receptors in ovarian cysts, suggesting endocrine imbalances.
Area of Science:
- Veterinary endocrinology
- Reproductive biology in livestock
Background:
- Follicular cysts (FC) are a common endocrine disorder in dairy cows, impacting fertility.
- The hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian (HPO) axis plays a crucial role in ovarian function and is implicated in FC development.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the role of Kisspeptin-10 (Kp-10) and Gonadotropin inhibiting hormone (GnIH) in the pathophysiology of follicular cysts in dairy cows.
- To evaluate the expression of their respective receptors, GPR54 and GPR147, in ovarian follicles.
Main Methods:
- In vivo hormonal analysis of Kp-10, GnIH, Luteinizing hormone (LH), Oestrogens (E2), and cortisol in healthy cows and those with FC.
- In vitro assessment of GPR54 and GPR147 distribution in cystic and preovulatory follicles using gene expression analysis.
Main Results:
- Significantly elevated serum concentrations of Kp-10, GnIH, LH, E2, and cortisol were observed in cows with FC compared to healthy controls.
- Reduced GPR54 mRNA levels were found in follicular cysts compared to preovulatory follicles.
- No expression of the GPR147 receptor was detected in either type of follicle.
Conclusions:
- Elevated serum Kp-10 in cows with FC may lead to down-regulation of GPR54, contributing to cyst formation.
- Observed endocrine imbalances in the HPO axis suggest altered Kp-10 and GnIH secretion patterns are characteristic of follicular cysts.
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