Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Modeling of Diode Forward Characteristics

Modeling of Diode Forward Characteristics

Understanding the behavior of diodes when forward-biased is a fundamental aspect of electronic circuit design and analysis. This analysis primarily utilizes two models: the exponential diode model and the constant-voltage-drop model. The exponential model comes into play when the source voltage exceeds 0.5 volts, pushing the diode current to rise exponentially above the saturation current. This relationship is graphically depicted in the current-voltage (I-V) curve, illustrating the diode's...

Modeling of Diode Reverse Characteristics

Modeling of Diode Reverse Characteristics

In electronic circuits, reverse-biased diode configurations are critical for regulating voltage levels. Zener diodes exploit the reverse breakdown phenomenon and exhibit a controlled breakdown at a specific Zener voltage (VZ). They are designed to maintain a constant voltage across their terminals and are commonly used for voltage regulation in circuits.
When a reverse voltage applied to a Zener diode exceeds its breakdown voltage, the diode enters the breakdown region. At this point, the...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

A Phase-Transition-Driven All-Optical Neuron with Sub-Nanosecond Nonlinear Activation.

Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)·2026

Same author

Elemental Selenium Phase-Change Material for Scalable Ultra-Low-Loss Programmable Photonics.

Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)·2026

Same author

Integrated Neuromorphic Photonic Computing for AI Acceleration: Emerging Devices, Network Architectures, and Future Paradigms.

Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)·2025

Same author

Quantifying blast damage and failure mode transition in reinforced concrete columns with a dimensionless model.

Scientific reports·2025

Same author

Phase-Change-Assisted Electrostatic Doping Enabling Nonvolatile Programmability of 2D Materials.

Small (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)·2025

Same author

Repair of Radiation Ulcers After Breast Cancer Surgery With Simple Local Random Flaps.

Annals of plastic surgery·2024

Same journal

Bioinspired Electrostatic-Field Perturbated Sensing for General Material Noncontact Perception.

Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)·2026

Same journal

Engineering Layered Magnetic Hydrogels for Cell Placement via Shear and Magnetic Field-Induced Assembly.

Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)·2026

Same journal

Interfacial Acid Sites-Mediated ZnO-Based Electrocatalysts for Sustainable Dual-Pathway H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> Production and Rechargeable Zn-H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> Electrochemical Cell.

Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)·2026

Same journal

Zein-Ceria Hybrid Microparticles Enable Long-Term ROS-Scavenging Oxygenation for Osteogenic Microtissues Engineering.

Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)·2026

Same journal

Toward Practical Solid-State Lithium Batteries With High-Nickel Cathodes: An Interface-Centered Perspective.

Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)·2026

Same journal

A Planarity-Hindrance Co-Balance Strategy to Develop Antiparallel H-Aggregates With Minimal Absorbance Blueshift for Type I Photodynamic Therapy.

Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)·2026

See all related articles

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 22, 2026

Patterning via Optical Saturable Transitions - Fabrication and Characterization

Patterning via Optical Saturable Transitions - Fabrication and Characterization

Published on: December 11, 2014

Programmable Non-Volatile Photonic Analog-to-Digital Converter Based on Back-End-of-Line Compatible Phase-Change

Gaofei Wang^1,2, Jiabin Shen^2,3, Yaping He^1,2

¹School of Microelectronics, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, P. R. China.

Advanced Materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)

|March 10, 2025

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers developed a programmable photonic analog-to-digital converter (ADC) using phase-change materials. This energy-efficient optical ADC achieves 8-bit resolution, the highest for optical ADCs, overcoming electronic limitations.

Keywords:

analog‐to‐digital converters back‐end‐of‐line process phase‐change materials programmability silicon photonics

More Related Videos

Shaping the Amplitude and Phase of Laser Beams by Using a Phase-only Spatial Light Modulator

Shaping the Amplitude and Phase of Laser Beams by Using a Phase-only Spatial Light Modulator

Published on: January 28, 2019

Characterization of SiN Integrated Optical Phased Arrays on a Wafer-Scale Test Station

Characterization of SiN Integrated Optical Phased Arrays on a Wafer-Scale Test Station

Published on: April 1, 2020

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 22, 2026

Patterning via Optical Saturable Transitions - Fabrication and Characterization

Patterning via Optical Saturable Transitions - Fabrication and Characterization

Published on: December 11, 2014

Shaping the Amplitude and Phase of Laser Beams by Using a Phase-only Spatial Light Modulator

Shaping the Amplitude and Phase of Laser Beams by Using a Phase-only Spatial Light Modulator

Published on: January 28, 2019

Characterization of SiN Integrated Optical Phased Arrays on a Wafer-Scale Test Station

Characterization of SiN Integrated Optical Phased Arrays on a Wafer-Scale Test Station

Published on: April 1, 2020

Area of Science:

Photonics
Materials Science
Electrical Engineering

Background:

Electronic analog-to-digital converters (ADCs) face limitations in bandwidth, precision, and power consumption.
Photonic ADCs offer a promising alternative to overcome these challenges in signal processing.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop a programmable photonic ADC by integrating phase-change materials (PCMs) with silicon photonics.
To demonstrate high resolution and energy efficiency in optical analog-to-digital conversion.

Main Methods:

Fabrication of a photonic ADC using foundry-processed silicon photonics and phase-change materials.
Demonstration of 2-bit and 4-bit photonic ADCs on a single chip.
Experimental validation of 65-state PCMs to achieve high resolution.

Main Results:

Achieved zero energy consumption during quantization due to the non-volatile nature of PCMs.
Demonstrated an 8-bit resolution photonic ADC, the highest reported for optical technologies.
Integrated photonic ADCs with optical sampling for an all-optical system converting a 321 MHz RF signal at 40 MS/s.

Conclusions:

The developed programmable photonic ADCs offer significant advancements in energy efficiency and speed.
This technology represents a major step forward for high-performance signal processing and telecommunication systems.
Photonic ADCs provide a viable solution to the inherent limitations of current electronic ADCs.