Silver Nanoparticles (AgNPs): Comprehensive Insights into Bio/Synthesis, Key Influencing Factors, Multifaceted...

Area of Science:

• Nanotechnology
• Green Chemistry
• Materials Science

Background:

• Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) possess unique optical, electronic, and antibacterial properties.
• Applications include biosensing, drug delivery, and antimicrobial treatments.
• Traditional synthesis methods pose environmental and safety concerns.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review advances in the synthesis and applications of silver nanoparticles.
• To highlight the importance of synthesis methods in determining AgNP characteristics.
• To consolidate research from the past two decades, including recent 2024 findings.

Main Methods:

• Comprehensive literature review of scientific databases (PubMed, Scopus, ScienceDirect, Cochrane, Google Scholar).
• Focus on green chemistry-based biological synthesis methods.
• Analysis of chemical, physical, and biological synthesis approaches.

Main Results:

• Biological synthesis offers a sustainable alternative to chemical and physical methods.
• Synthesis method significantly impacts AgNP stability, size, and purity.
• AgNPs derived from plant extracts show promising medicinal properties.

Conclusions:

• Selecting appropriate synthesis methods is critical for optimizing AgNP functionality.
• Green synthesis approaches are essential for eco-friendly nanoparticle production.
• Continued research is vital for advancing AgNP applications in diverse fields.