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Extreme heat during pregnancy poses serious risks, including preterm birth and stillbirth. Obstetric providers are key to protecting pregnant individuals from heat-related health issues and improving outcomes.

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Health
  • Reproductive Health
  • Climate Science

Background:

  • Extreme heat events are increasing globally, posing significant, yet underestimated, threats to maternal-fetal health.
  • Unlike acute disasters, heat's insidious impact on health, particularly for vulnerable populations, is often overlooked despite being a leading cause of weather-related mortality in the U.S.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the impact of climate-related heat on maternal-fetal health and health inequities.
  • To identify knowledge gaps and emphasize the role of obstetric providers in mitigating heat exposure risks for pregnant individuals.

Main Methods:

  • A comprehensive literature search of PubMed was conducted.
  • Keywords included "climate change," "heat," "obstetrics," "pregnancy," and "heat stress disorders."

Main Results:

  • Extreme heat exposure is linked to adverse birth outcomes such as preterm birth, fetal demise, and stillbirth.
  • Pregnant individuals face increased risks of dehydration, heat exhaustion, heat stroke, and gestational hypertension due to heat exposure.

Conclusions:

  • Obstetric professionals are crucial in managing and improving care for pregnant individuals at high risk from climate-related heat exposure.
  • Increased patient awareness and provider vigilance are essential for safeguarding maternal-fetal health in the context of a warming climate.