Exosome biosensors for detection of prostate cancer

Prostate cancer (PCa) is a highly life-threatening disease in men, causing numerous deaths worldwide. As PCa is often diagnosed at a late stage, current diagnostic methods can be invasive and sometimes lead to unnecessary treatments. Therefore, new non-invasive approaches are needed to detect biomarkers for more rapid and accurate PCa diagnosis. Exosomes, extracellular vesicles, provide valuable insights into cellular health and disease progression. Recent studies have indicated the potential use of exosomes as biomarkers for diagnosing PCa. Developing fast, reliable, and sensitive methods for exosome detection is essential. Biosensors, powerful analytical tools for biological samples, have become increasingly crucial in exosome analysis. This review summarizes recent advancements in biosensor technology for exosome detection and provides insights into future perspectives. The goal is to encourage innovative biosensor-based approaches for exosome detection and contribute to the early diagnosis and clinical monitoring of various diseases.