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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 21, 2025

Visualization of Intensity Levels to Reduce the Gap Between Self-Reported and Directly Measured Physical Activity
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Associations Between Clinical Inflammatory Risk Markers, Body Composition, Heart Rate Variability, and

Sascha W Hoffmann1, Janis Schierbauer2, Paul Zimmermann2

  • 1Division of Theory and Practice of Sports and Fields of Physical Activity, BaySpo-Bayreuth Center of Sport Science, University of Bayreuth, 95440 Bayreuth, Germany.

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)
|March 17, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Physical activity, including light-intensity and moderate-to-vigorous, positively impacts heart rate variability and reduces inflammation markers in overweight university students. Higher fat mass is linked to increased white blood cell counts.

Keywords:
biomarkershealth risk behaviorlow-grade inflammationobesityobjectively assessed physical activitysedentary timesympathetic–parasympathetic regulationyoung adults

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Area of Science:

  • Exercise Physiology
  • Clinical Biochemistry
  • Cardiology

Background:

  • Overweight and obesity are prevalent among university students, increasing risks for chronic inflammation and cardiovascular issues.
  • Understanding the interplay between physical activity, body composition, and inflammatory markers is crucial for targeted interventions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the associations between inflammatory markers, body composition, heart rate variability (HRV), and physical activity (PA) in university students with overweight and obesity.
  • To explore how different intensities of physical activity influence these physiological parameters.

Main Methods:

  • Cross-sectional study involving 17 university students (8 female) with overweight/obesity.
  • Assessed inflammatory markers (WBC, IL-6, CRP) via blood samples.
  • Measured body composition (fat mass, visceral adipose tissue) and HRV (24-h ECG).
  • Quantified physical activity using IPAQ-SF and accelerometers (ActiGraph).

Main Results:

  • White blood cell (WBC) counts correlated positively with fat mass (FM) and visceral adipose tissue (VAT).
  • Moderate physical activity (PA) showed an inverse correlation with WBC counts.
  • Light-intensity PA (LIPA) and moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA) correlated with HRV parameters.
  • LIPA was inversely associated with interleukin-6 and c-reactive protein levels.

Conclusions:

  • In overweight/obese students, higher FM is linked to elevated WBC counts.
  • Incorporating LIPA and MVPA into daily routines can enhance sympathetic-parasympathetic regulation and exert anti-inflammatory effects.