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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 21, 2025

Investigating the Three-dimensional Flow Separation Induced by a Model Vocal Fold Polyp

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Vocal Nodules: Evolution From Childhood to Postpuberty.

Andrea Joia Gramuglia¹, Elaine Lara Mendes Tavares¹, Maria Paula Gobbo¹

¹Ophthalmology, Otorhinolaryngology, and Head and Neck Surgery Department, Universidade Estadual Paulista Julio de Mesquita Filho, Botucatu Medical School, Unesp, São Paulo, Brazil.

Journal of Voice : Official Journal of the Voice Foundation

|March 21, 2025

Summary

Vocal nodules in children often resolve by postpuberty, with improved vocal quality and fewer physical signs. Treatments like speech therapy and surgery showed significant differences in shimmer reduction.

Keywords:

Vocal nodules—Evolution—Childhood—Postpuberty

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Area of Science:

Otolaryngology
Speech-Language Pathology

Background:

Vocal nodules are benign growths on the vocal folds, commonly seen in children.
Understanding their behavior from childhood to postpuberty is crucial for effective management.

Purpose of the Study:

To analyze the long-term behavior and outcomes of vocal nodules from childhood into postpuberty.
To evaluate the impact of various treatments on vocal parameters.

Main Methods:

A cohort of adolescents (≥15 years) with childhood vocal nodules underwent follow-up evaluations.
Assessments included questionnaires, videolaryngoscopy, and auditory-perceptual and acoustic vocal analyses.
Data were compared between childhood and postpuberty, and across different treatment groups (vocal therapy, microsurgery, no treatment).

Main Results:

Most vocal nodules resolved by postpuberty, with significant improvements in videolaryngoscopic findings and vocal parameters.
A small percentage of participants (boys 12.9%, girls 9.67%) maintained dysphonia.
Acoustic parameters (maximum phonation time, f0, jitter, shimmer) showed significant improvement postpuberty.
Surgery and speech therapy demonstrated a statistically significant difference in shimmer reduction compared to no treatment.

Conclusions:

Vocal nodules in children generally show a positive prognosis, with spontaneous resolution or improvement by postpuberty.
Vocal quality and laryngeal appearance improve significantly after puberty.
While most nodules resolve, persistent dysphonia can occur, and certain treatments may offer more significant acoustic benefits.