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Dysphonia and COVID-19: A Review.
Regina Helena Garcia Martins1, Eric Schneider de Azevedo2, João Victor Costa Müller2
1Ophthalmology, Otorhinolaryngology, and Head and Neck Surgery Department, Universidade Estadual Paulista Julio de Mesquita Filho, Botucatu Medical School, UNESP, São Paulo, Brazil.
Journal of Voice : Official Journal of the Voice Foundation
|January 15, 2025
Summary
Vocal symptoms like hoarseness are common after COVID-19 infection, persisting into the long-COVID phase. Early videolaryngoscopy and vocal analyses are crucial for identifying and managing these voice disorders.
Area of Science:
- Otolaryngology
- Infectious Diseases
- Speech and Language Pathology
Background:
- Vocal symptoms are frequently reported in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), occurring during or after the acute infection.
- These voice disorders can significantly impact quality of life and require specialist attention.
Purpose of the Study:
- To conduct a descriptive review of the literature on dysphonia associated with COVID-19.
- To alert medical specialists to the vocal symptoms and sequelae linked to SARS-CoV-2 infection.
Main Methods:
- A comprehensive literature review was performed across major databases (Web of Science, PubMed, Google Scholar, Scopus).
- Search terms included COVID-19 or SARS-CoV-2 in relation to voice disorders.
- Data were collected from April 2020 to April 2024.
Main Results:
- The review analyzed 41 studies involving 5139 patients, revealing a dysphonia prevalence ranging from 0.39% to 79%.
- Common symptoms included hoarseness, cough, and sore throat, with videolaryngoscopy showing vocal fold paralysis and laryngitis.
- Auditory-perceptual and acoustic analyses indicated persistent vocal impairments in the long-COVID period.
Conclusions:
- Dysphonia is a common sequela of COVID-19, affecting both acute and chronic phases.
- Key causes identified are vocal fold paralysis, inflammatory laryngitis, and muscle tension dysphonia.
- Recommended management includes videolaryngoscopy and vocal analyses for all patients with post-COVID vocal symptoms.
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