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Characterization and In Vitro Prebiotic Activity of Pterostilbene/β-Cyclodextrin Inclusion Complexes.

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Pterostilbene (PTS) inclusion complexes with beta-cyclodextrin (β-CD) enhance solubility and show dual probiotic effects. These complexes promote beneficial gut bacteria and inhibit harmful ones, improving intestinal flora composition.

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Area of Science:

  • Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences
  • Microbiology
  • Nutritional Science

Background:

  • Pterostilbene (PTS) offers health benefits but suffers from poor water solubility and bioavailability.
  • Developing effective delivery systems is crucial for maximizing PTS's therapeutic potential.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To synthesize and characterize Pterostilbene/beta-cyclodextrin (PTS/β-CD) inclusion complexes.
  • To evaluate the enhanced solubility, stability, and prebiotic/probiotic functionalities of PTS/β-CD complexes.

Main Methods:

  • Synthesis via phase solubility method; characterization using FTIR, SEM, XRD, NMR, and molecular docking.
  • Simulated gastrointestinal digestion and in vitro fecal fermentation assays.
  • Analysis of short-chain fatty acid production and gut microbiota composition.

Main Results:

  • Successful formation of PTS/β-CD inclusion complexes with a 1:1 ratio and stability constant of 166.7 M⁻¹.
  • β-CD demonstrated resistance to digestion, enabling colonic delivery; PTS showed gradual release.
  • PTS/β-CD significantly increased beneficial short-chain fatty acids (acetic, butyric, lactic) and promoted growth of Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus.

Conclusions:

  • PTS/β-CD inclusion complexes effectively improve PTS solubility and bioavailability.
  • The complexes exhibit significant prebiotic and probiotic properties, modulating gut microbiota composition.
  • PTS/β-CD demonstrates dual functionality by promoting beneficial bacteria and suppressing pathogenic bacteria in the gut.