[Real-Time Intraoperative Fluorescence Diagnosis and Surgical Techniques for Brain and Spinal Tumors Using...

This article discusses the development and clinical application of intraoperative fluorescence-guided diagnosis for brain and spinal tumors using indocyanine green (ICG). The Delayed Window ICG (DWIG) technique enhances tumor visualization during surgery, improving resection accuracy and prognosis. By exploiting ICG's selective tumor accumulation and its correlation with MRI gadolinium contrast, DWIG enables real-time identification of tumor boundaries. This technique has demonstrated utility in various tumor types and post-radiation necrosis. Future integration with artificial intelligence and augmented reality technologies may bring advanced surgical precision and support. Expanding ICG applications in brain and spinal tumor surgeries appears to improve both safety and treatment outcomes.