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Hearing

Hearing

When we hear a sound, our nervous system is detecting sound waves—pressure waves of mechanical energy traveling through a medium. The frequency of the wave is perceived as pitch, while the amplitude is perceived as loudness.

The Cochlea

The Cochlea

The cochlea is a coiled structure in the inner ear that contains hair cells—the sensory receptors of the auditory system. Sound waves are transmitted to the cochlea by small bones attached to the eardrum called the ossicles, which vibrate the oval window that leads to the inner ear. This causes fluid in the chambers of the cochlea to move, vibrating the basilar membrane.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 17, 2025

Trans-Tympanic Drug Delivery for the Treatment of Ototoxicity

Trans-Tympanic Drug Delivery for the Treatment of Ototoxicity

Published on: March 16, 2018

What's New in Ototoxicity Management?

Katharine A Fernandez¹, Angela Garinis^2,3, Kristin Knight⁴

¹National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, NIH, Bethesda, MD.

Perspectives of the ASHA Special Interest Groups

|March 31, 2025

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Proactive ototoxicity management (OtoM) strategies protect hearing and vestibular health from damaging medications and chemicals. Wider adoption of OtoM services is encouraged to minimize risks and manage auditory changes.

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Area of Science:

Audiology
Occupational Health
Toxicology

Background:

Ototoxic medications and workplace chemicals pose risks to hearing and vestibular health.
Permanent injury can result from exposure to ototoxic agents.
Current management strategies require broader implementation.

Purpose of the Study:

To summarize viewpoints on integrating ototoxicity management (OtoM) into clinical practice.
To identify tools and considerations for supporting patients undergoing OtoM.
To encourage widespread adoption of improved OtoM services for at-risk individuals.

Main Methods:

Discussion among members of the International Ototoxicity Management Group.
Summarization of expert viewpoints on OtoM integration.
Review of current practices and future needs in ototoxicity management.

Main Results:

OtoM strategies aim to minimize exposure, prevent symptom onset, and monitor auditory/vestibular changes.
Expert consensus was reached on integrating OtoM into routine clinical practice.
Key considerations for patient and family support were identified.

Conclusions:

The audiology field needs to expand universal guidelines for mitigating, detecting, and managing ototoxicity.
A recent therapeutic drug offers protection but is limited to a specific pediatric population.
Ototoxicity from other agents and in diverse patient groups remains a significant concern.