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Signal acquisition of brain-computer interfaces: A medical-engineering crossover perspective review
Yike Sun1, Xiaogang Chen2, Bingchuan Liu1
1Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
Fundamental Research
|April 1, 2025
Summary
This review synthesizes ten years of brain-computer interface (BCI) signal acquisition research, categorizing nine technologies and their challenges. Future BCI development requires balancing signal fidelity, invasiveness, and biocompatibility for enhanced human-technology integration.
Area of Science:
- Neuroscience
- Biomedical Engineering
- Computer Science
Background:
- Brain-computer interface (BCI) technology enables direct communication between individuals and external devices.
- The performance of BCI systems is critically dependent on advancements in signal acquisition techniques.
Purpose of the Study:
- To provide a comprehensive overview of BCI signal acquisition technologies.
- To analyze research from the past decade, synthesizing clinical and engineering perspectives.
Main Methods:
- Systematic review of research publications over the last ten years.
- Development of a two-dimensional framework for understanding BCI signal acquisition.
- Categorization of nine distinct signal acquisition technologies with examples and challenges.
Main Results:
- Identified and categorized nine distinct BCI signal acquisition technologies.
- Detailed the salient challenges associated with each modality.
- Provided a broad understanding of the current BCI signal acquisition landscape.
Conclusions:
- Future BCI enhancements necessitate interdisciplinary collaboration.
- Balancing signal fidelity, invasiveness, and biocompatibility is crucial for advancing BCI effectiveness, safety, and reliability.
- Optimizing these factors will foster a more integrated human-technology future.
