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Exploring Optimal Group Sizes for Learning in Medical Simulation: A Systematic Review.

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Smaller groups in simulation training enhance learning efficiency and learner confidence. For procedural skills, optimal group sizes range from 2 to 4, with effectiveness decreasing for groups larger than 6.

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Area of Science:

  • Medical Education
  • Simulation Technology
  • Learning Sciences

Background:

  • Simulation is a key teaching method in medical education, enhancing learner competence and confidence.
  • No standardized learner group size exists for simulation-based training.
  • Optimizing group size is crucial for balancing training efficiency and efficacy.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the optimal group size for simulation-based learning.
  • To identify best practices for maximizing efficiency and efficacy in simulation training.
  • To provide evidence-based recommendations for learner group sizes in medical education.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic review following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines.
  • Screening of citations and full-text articles by emergency medicine educators.
  • Quality assessment using the Medical Education Research Study Quality Instrument (MERSQI).

Main Results:

  • Seventeen of 34 identified articles were relevant, employing diverse study designs.
  • Smaller group sizes generally improved learning outcomes.
  • Optimal group size varied by learning objective: 2-4 learners for procedural skills, larger groups for debriefing.

Conclusions:

  • Smaller group sizes (2-4) are more effective for procedural skills simulation.
  • Effectiveness in simulation training declines with more than 6 participants.
  • Curriculum design should consider simulation type and objectives to optimize group size for enhanced learning outcomes.