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Contribution of Extracranial Injuries to GOSE Scores after Traumatic Brain Injury TBI: A TRACK-Traumatic Brain Injury
Nancy Temkin1,2, Jason Barber1, Joan Machamer1
1Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA.
Journal of Neurotrauma
|April 9, 2025
Summary
The Glasgow Outcome Scale Extended (GOSE) can be administered to assess all injuries or TBI-specific disability. Differences in reported outcomes depend on the chosen method, impacting traumatic brain injury research.
Area of Science:
- Neuroscience
- Clinical Research
- Trauma Care
Background:
- The Glasgow Outcome Scale Extended (GOSE) is a standard measure for traumatic brain injury (TBI) outcomes.
- GOSE administration can vary, influencing reported disability assessments.
Purpose of the Study:
- To compare functional disability scores using GOSE-All (all injuries) versus GOSE-TBI (TBI-specific injuries).
- To analyze discrepancies in disability reporting at multiple time points post-injury.
Main Methods:
- Analysis of data from 2288 participants in the prospective TRACK-TBI cohort study.
- Comparison of GOSE scores administered to capture all injuries versus TBI-only injuries at 2 weeks, 3, 6, and 12 months post-injury.
Main Results:
- Significant differences in reported disability were observed between GOSE-All and GOSE-TBI methods, ranging up to 42 percentage points.
- Discrepancies decreased with increased TBI severity, absence of severe extracranial injuries, and longer follow-up duration.
Conclusions:
- The method of GOSE administration (including all injuries vs. TBI-specific) significantly impacts outcome reporting in TBI studies.
- Researchers must clearly define their GOSE assessment strategy and ensure data transparency regarding the chosen method for accurate interpretation of TBI disability.
