[Measles: a persistent threat despite an effective vaccine]

Area of Science:

• * Virology and Epidemiology
• * Immunology
• * Public Health

Background:

• * Measles is a highly contagious viral illness with a recent global surge in cases.
• * Decreased vaccination rates between 2020-2023, linked to the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, have contributed to this resurgence.
• * Young children and immunocompromised individuals face the highest risk of severe complications.

Purpose of the Study:

• * To review the epidemiology and virology of measles.
• * To clarify the protective benefits of measles vaccination.
• * To outline key diagnostic and management strategies for measles.

Main Methods:

• * Literature review of epidemiological data on measles.
• * Analysis of virological characteristics of the measles virus.
• * Examination of vaccine efficacy and public health intervention strategies.

Main Results:

• * Measles transmission chains are increasing worldwide following pandemic-related vaccination declines.
• * No specific antiviral treatments are currently approved for measles.
• * Vaccination is highlighted as the primary method for preventing measles transmission and complications.

Conclusions:

• * Urgent public health interventions are necessary to control current measles outbreaks.
• * Maintaining high vaccination coverage is crucial for protecting public health and preventing severe measles outcomes.
• * Further research into measles management and prevention strategies is warranted.