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The Vestibular System

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The vestibular system is a set of inner ear structures that provide a sense of balance and spatial orientation. This system is comprised of structures within the labyrinth of the inner ear, including the cochlea and two otolith organs—the utricle and saccule. The labyrinth also contains three semicircular canals—superior, posterior, and horizontal—that are oriented on different planes.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 15, 2025

A Unified Methodological Framework for Vestibular Schwannoma Research

A Unified Methodological Framework for Vestibular Schwannoma Research

Published on: June 20, 2017

Increasing Inpatient Costs and Complication Rates After Vestibular Schwannoma Resections from 1998 to 2021.

Rance J T Fujiwara¹, Donald Tan, Hitomi Sakano

¹Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas.

Otology & Neurotology : Official Publication of the American Otological Society, American Neurotology Society [And] European Academy of Otology and Neurotology

|April 10, 2025

Summary

Postoperative complications after vestibular schwannoma (VS) resections have increased as surgeries declined, alongside a significant rise in inpatient costs. This trend is linked to patient selection and increased comorbidities.

Keywords:

Inpatient costs National inpatient sample Vestibular schwannoma

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Area of Science:

Neurosurgery
Otolaryngology
Health Economics

Background:

Vestibular schwannoma (VS) resections are complex neurosurgical procedures.
Temporal trends in postoperative outcomes and healthcare costs are crucial for resource allocation and patient care optimization.

Purpose of the Study:

To analyze trends in surgical and medical complications following VS resections.
To investigate changes in inpatient hospitalization costs associated with VS surgery over time.

Main Methods:

Cross-sectional analysis of the National Inpatient Sample (1998-2021).
Inclusion of 50,991 admissions for VS resection.
Annual tracking of complications, costs, and length of stay, with multivariate analysis for cost trends.

Main Results:

VS resections decreased by 32.7% from 1998 to 2021.
Rates of surgical and medical complications increased significantly (18.2% to 34.2% and 4.3% to 7.6%, respectively).
Mean inpatient costs rose by approximately $15,000 (inflation-adjusted), despite a shorter average length of stay.

Conclusions:

Increased postoperative complications correlate with decreased VS surgeries, potentially due to evolving patient selection and higher comorbidity rates.
Healthcare expenditures for VS resection admissions have substantially increased over two decades.