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Related Concept Videos

Post-traumatic Stress Disorder01:27

Post-traumatic Stress Disorder

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Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a psychiatric condition that arises following exposure to traumatic events such as natural disasters, forced displacement, or severe accidents. It significantly impairs individuals' ability to cope with daily activities and disrupts their emotional and psychological equilibrium.
Symptoms and Behavioral Manifestations
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Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT), or shock therapy, remains a critical biomedical intervention for severe, treatment-resistant depression. While its origins can be traced back to Hippocrates' observations that malaria-induced convulsions alleviated mental illness, modern ECT has evolved significantly from its earlier, more primitive applications. First introduced in 1938 by Ugo Cerletti and his colleagues, ECT involves inducing controlled seizures using electrical currents. In its early...
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Repressed memories are a psychological phenomenon where memories of traumatic events are unconsciously blocked from a person's awareness. This process occurs as a defense mechanism, protecting the mind from the emotional impact of distressing or painful experiences. For example, a person who has experienced childhood trauma may grow up with no conscious recollection of the event. In such cases, the memories are thought to be buried deep within the subconscious, inaccessible to the conscious...
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Behavior therapy incorporates diverse techniques rooted in classical conditioning principles to address maladaptive behaviors and anxiety disorders. These methods aim to reduce avoidance behaviors, foster adaptive coping mechanisms, and alter associations between stimuli and responses, making them effective in a wide range of therapeutic contexts.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 13, 2025

Simultaneous Application of Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation during Virtual Reality Exposure
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Rewind for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: A Randomised Controlled Trial.

Laurence Astill Wright1,2, Kali Barawi1, Neil Kitchiner1

  • 1Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Cardiff University School of Medicine, UK.

Depression and Anxiety
|April 14, 2025
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The Rewind Technique (Rewind), a therapy for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), shows significant efficacy when delivered remotely. This study indicates remote Rewind is a feasible and effective treatment for PTSD symptoms.

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Area of Science:

  • Psychology
  • Clinical Psychology
  • Mental Health

Background:

  • The Rewind Technique (Rewind) is an established psychological therapy for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD).
  • It is currently utilized within the UK's National Health Service (NHS), third sector organizations, and private practices.
  • This study investigated the potential efficacy and feasibility of delivering Rewind therapy remotely for PTSD treatment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the preliminary efficacy of remotely delivered Rewind therapy for PTSD.
  • To assess the feasibility and adherence of a remote Rewind intervention.
  • To identify factors influencing treatment outcomes in a remote setting.

Main Methods:

  • An exploratory randomized controlled trial (RCT) was conducted with two arms: immediate Rewind and a waitlist control group.
  • The entire trial, including treatment sessions and outcome assessments, was delivered remotely via video calls.
  • Forty participants were randomized, with 80% retention at the 8-week primary endpoint.

Main Results:

  • A statistically significant difference in Clinician-Administered PTSD Scale for DSM-5 scores was observed between the immediate and delayed Rewind groups at 8 weeks (difference = 12.64, p = 0.02).
  • A large effect size (Cohen's d = 1.05) was noted at 8 weeks, indicating substantial symptom improvement.
  • Symptom improvements were maintained at the 16-week follow-up assessment.

Conclusions:

  • Remotely delivered Rewind therapy demonstrated a large effect size in reducing PTSD symptoms.
  • The findings provide a preliminary signal of efficacy for using remote Rewind in clinical practice for PTSD.
  • Remote delivery is a feasible method for Rewind therapy, supporting its broader application.