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Comparative analysis of adenovirus and rotavirus gastroenteritis: insights into inflammatory response and temporal
Pınar Önal1, Abdülkadir Bozaykut1
1Department of Pediatrics, Zeynep Kamil Maternity and Children's Disease Training and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Istanbul, Türkiye.
Insights
Rotavirus gastroenteritis in children is associated with a high neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio and decreased mean platelet volume. These hemogram parameters can help distinguish rotavirus from other causes of acute viral gastroenteritis.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Infectious Diseases
- Clinical Diagnostics
- Hematology
Background:
- Acute viral gastroenteritis is a significant global healthcare burden, necessitating efficient diagnostic methods.
- Adenovirus and rotavirus are common causes of gastroenteritis in children.
- Understanding the distinct clinical and laboratory features of these viral infections is crucial for effective management.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate and compare the demographic, clinical, seasonal, hemogram, and C-reactive protein profiles of children with adenovirus and rotavirus gastroenteritis.
- To identify potential laboratory markers that can differentiate between rotavirus and adenovirus infections.
- To assess the diagnostic utility of hemogram parameters in pediatric gastroenteritis.
Main Methods:
- A retrospective study design was employed, comparing three groups of children: rotavirus positive, adenovirus positive, and rotavirus/adenovirus negative.
- Data collected included demographic, clinical, and laboratory parameters, with a focus on hemogram indices and C-reactive protein levels.
- Statistical analysis was performed to identify significant differences between the groups.
Main Results:
- Rotavirus gastroenteritis showed a statistically significant association with a high neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (2.76 ± 1.52) and decreased mean platelet volume (7.47 ± 0.36 fL).
- Adenovirus gastroenteritis did not present a distinct laboratory marker for differentiation.
- While temporal peaks were observed (adenovirus in summer, rotavirus in winter), these seasonal differences were not statistically significant.
Conclusions:
- Decreased mean platelet volume and a high neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio are significant indicators associated with rotavirus gastroenteritis in children.
- These hemogram parameters can aid in distinguishing rotavirus gastroenteritis from other causes of acute gastroenteritis.
- Further research may be needed to identify specific diagnostic markers for adenovirus gastroenteritis.
Background:
Acute viral gastroenteritis remains a leading cause of healthcare costs globally, prompting the need for effective yet simple diagnostic strategies. This study aimed to comprehensively examine the demographic, clinical, and seasonal characteristics, hemogram parameters, and C-reactive protein levels in children diagnosed with adenovirus and rotavirus gastroenteritis.
Methods:
By conducting a retrospective study, three groups of children diagnosed with gastroenteritis (Rotavirus positive, adenovirus positive, and rota/adenovirus negative group) were compared in terms of demographic, clinical, and laboratory parameters.
Results:
Among 265 children with gastroenteritis, 59.6% were under 36 months, and 36.8% of this group tested positive for rotavirus, while 30% of them tested positive for adenovirus. A statistically significant association was observed between rotavirus gastroenteritis and high neutrophil/lymphocyte value (2.76 ± 1.52) and decreased mean platelet volume (7.47 ± 0.36 fL). Temporal analysis revealed numerical peaks in the adenovirus group in summer and rotavirus in winter; however, these differences were not statistically significant (p = 0.684, 0.851). Unlike rotavirus, our study did not reveal any prominent laboratory marker that serves as a distinctive feature of adenovirus.
Conclusions:
Our findings suggested that decreased mean platelet volume and high neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio were found statistically significant in rotavirus gastroenteritis, distinguishing it from other causes of acute gastroenteritis.
