Finding digital health governance mechanism to support country's health systems: Thailand case study

In 2010, a collaboration between the Ministry of Public Health and the World Health Organization Thailand highlighted the urgent need for an effective eHealth governance mechanism in the country. Despite efforts, a consensus-driven governance mechanism remains elusive. This research aimed to investigate suitable digital health governance models for Thailand by examining models from six countries (Malaysia, the Philippines, Australia, England, the USA and Canada) and gathering insights from stakeholders. In stage 1, research gathered data via literature reviews and interviews with 11 executives in Thailand's digital health sectors. The study of six countries showed diverse digital health governance influenced by political, cultural and health factors. Using the Broadband Commission's governance models, most participants preferred a dedicated digital health agency. They emphasized decisive leadership, collaboration to prevent silos and uniform health information standards. In Thailand, the Ministry of Public Health cannot oversee digital health solely but can lead in tandem with other bodies. Effective governance requires collaboration, leadership and the dedicated agency model, underscoring health information standards' significance. Stage 2 published the 'Digital Health Governance Model: Recommendation for Thailand Health Systems', presented to 101 high-level representatives. A survey indicated that over 90% of these stakeholders concurred with the study's findings and recommendations. The research suggests that while the Ministry of Public Health is central, it should not manage alone. Collaborative governance with consistent leadership is crucial for Thailand's digital health progression. Although the study lacked civil society input, its insights are pivotal for Thailand's digital health policy future.