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Syntax comprehension in Persian-speaking students with ADHD
Armon Massoodi1, Akram Ahmadi2, Hanieh Haghjou1
1Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, IR, Iran.
BMC Psychiatry
|April 17, 2025
Summary
Typically developing children aged 7-10 significantly outperform those with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in understanding complex syntax. This difference is most pronounced in intricate sentence structures.
Area of Science:
- Linguistics
- Neuroscience
- Developmental Psychology
Background:
- Syntax comprehension is crucial for language processing in both typical and neurodiverse children.
- Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) can impact cognitive functions, including language skills.
Purpose of the Study:
- To compare syntactic comprehension between children with ADHD and typically developing (TD) children aged 7-10.
- To identify specific areas of syntactic difficulty in children with ADHD.
Main Methods:
- Administered the Persian Syntax Comprehension Test (PSCT) to 70 children with ADHD and 70 TD children.
- Assessed syntactic items of varying complexity.
- Compared performance between the two groups.
Main Results:
- A statistically significant difference (p < 0.001) in total PSCT scores between TD and ADHD children.
- The largest effect size was observed for complex syntactic structures (SMD = 0.72).
- TD children outperformed ADHD children on 58% of individual PSCT items.
Conclusions:
- Typically developing Persian-speaking children aged 7-10 demonstrate superior syntax comprehension compared to peers with ADHD.
- Complex syntactic structures represent the most significant area of difference between the groups.
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