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Perceived vs. actual multitasking abilities: Predicting texting while driving efficacy and behavior from

Claire E Bowman-Callaway1, Benjamin D Schulte1, Stephanie C Payne1

  • 1Department of Psychological & Brain Sciences, Texas A&M University, 4235 TAMU, College Station, TX 77843, United States.

Accident; Analysis and Prevention
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Drivers who overestimate their multitasking skills are more likely to text while driving (TWD). This overconfidence, particularly in multitasking, predicts TWD through increased TWD self-efficacy.

Keywords:
Distracted drivingMultitaskingOverconfidenceSelf-efficacyTexting while driving

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Area of Science:

  • Psychology
  • Human-Computer Interaction
  • Traffic Safety

Background:

  • Driver overconfidence is a known risk factor.
  • Texting while driving (TWD) is a prevalent and dangerous behavior.
  • Multitasking ability and self-efficacy are potential moderators of TWD.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate overconfidence in multitasking as a predictor of TWD.
  • To examine the role of TWD self-efficacy in the relationship between overconfidence and TWD.
  • To differentiate the predictive power of TWD self-efficacy versus self-efficacy to resist TWD.

Main Methods:

  • 611 undergraduates completed multitasking tasks and self-report measures.
  • Multitasking ability was assessed using a task-switching paradigm.
  • Texting while driving (TWD) was measured via self-report and phone application data.

Main Results:

  • Overconfidence in multitasking (overestimation and overplacement) predicted TWD self-efficacy.
  • TWD self-efficacy mediated the link between overconfidence and TWD.
  • TWD self-efficacy predicted both self-reported and actual TWD, independent of resistance self-efficacy.

Conclusions:

  • Overconfidence in multitasking abilities significantly influences texting while driving.
  • Self-efficacy beliefs, particularly TWD self-efficacy, play a crucial role in TWD behavior.
  • Actual multitasking ability did not predict TWD, suggesting cognitive overestimation is key.