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Perinatal Enterovirus Infection in Neonates: A Systematic Review
Cho Ryok Kang1, Jung Hye Byeon2, Hannah Cho2
1Department of Nursing, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Korea.
Journal of Medical Virology
|April 23, 2025
Summary
Perinatal enterovirus (EV) infections are globally prevalent and can cause severe neonatal illness, including sepsis and death. This review emphasizes the need for better surveillance and diagnostics for these infections.
Area of Science:
- Neonatal Medicine
- Infectious Diseases
- Obstetrics
Background:
- Enteroviruses (EVs) are a significant cause of neonatal infections, potentially leading to severe disease and adverse pregnancy outcomes.
- A comprehensive understanding of perinatal EV infection prevalence and clinical features is currently lacking.
- This systematic review addresses the knowledge gap regarding the global impact of perinatal EV infections.
Approach:
- A systematic literature search was conducted across PubMed, Embase, and KoreaMed up to August 26, 2024.
- Included studies focused on perinatal outcomes associated with EV infection in neonates and pregnant women.
- Data extraction and quality assessment were performed independently by two reviewers.
Key Points:
- Nine studies from America, Europe, and Asia were included, revealing high prevalence rates in severely affected neonates (60–77.8%) and infected pregnant women (25–57.1%).
- Severe neonatal complications included sepsis-like disease and mortality, with placental infection noted in 38.3% of severe cases.
- Maternal symptoms ranged from fever and rash to uterine contractions.
Conclusions:
- Perinatal EV infections are a global concern with potentially severe consequences for neonates and mothers.
- The findings highlight the urgent need for enhanced surveillance and standardized diagnostic protocols.
- Further research is crucial to develop effective prevention and management strategies for perinatal EV infections.
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