Advanced Modular Honeycombs with Biomimetic Density Gradients for Superior Energy Dissipation

The honeycomb configuration has been widely adopted in numerous sectors owing to its superior strength-to-weight ratio, rigidity, and outstanding energy absorption properties, attracting substantial academic attention and research interest. This study introduces a biomimetic modular honeycomb configuration inspired by the variable-density biological enhancement characteristics of tree stem tissues. This study examined the out-of-plane compressive behavior and mechanical characteristics of modular honeycomb structures. A numerical model of the modular honeycomb was constructed utilizing finite element technology, enabling simulation studies at varying impact velocities. The improved weight-bearing and impact-absorbing properties of modular honeycomb structures are investigated using theoretical analysis and computer simulations. It also scrutinizes the effects of boundary and matching conditions on the honeycomb's performance. The results indicate that adjusting the thickness of the walls in both the matrix honeycomb and sub-honeycomb structures can substantially improve their resistance to low-velocity out-of-plane compression impacts. Furthermore, the energy absorption capacity of modular honeycombs during high-velocity impacts is significantly influenced by multiple factors: the impact velocity, the density of the honeycomb structure, and the distribution of wall thickness within the sub-honeycomb and the primary honeycomb matrix. Notably, the modular honeycomb with an optimally designed structure demonstrates superior high-speed impact resistance compared to conventional honeycombs of equivalent density. These insights underscore the potential for advanced honeycomb designs to further advance material performance in structural applications.