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Related Concept Videos

Residual Stresses in Circular Shafts01:10

Residual Stresses in Circular Shafts

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In materials that exhibit elastic and plastic behavior, known as elastoplastic materials, residual stresses can accumulate when these materials experience plastic deformation. This deformation arises from either high levels of shearing stress or significant strains. Residual stresses are internal stresses that persist within a material after removing the external force causing deformation. This phenomenon is demonstrated when observing the behavior of a shaft under torque; notably, the...
140
Bending of Curved Members - Strain Analysis01:14

Bending of Curved Members - Strain Analysis

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The mechanics of deformation in curved members, such as beams or arches, under bending moments, involve complex responses. When such a member, symmetric about the y-axis and shaped like a segment of a circle centered at point C, is subjected to equal and opposite forces, its curvature and surface lengths change significantly. This alteration results in the shift of the curvature's center from C to C', indicating a tighter curve.
The important part of bending analysis for such a member...
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Propagation of Uncertainty from Random Error00:59

Propagation of Uncertainty from Random Error

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An experiment often consists of more than a single step. In this case, measurements at each step give rise to uncertainty. Because the measurements occur in successive steps, the uncertainty in one step necessarily contributes to that in the subsequent step. As we perform statistical analysis on these types of experiments, we must learn to account for the propagation of uncertainty from one step to the next. The propagation of uncertainty depends on the type of arithmetic operation performed on...
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Unsymmetric Bending - Angle of Neutral Axis01:15

Unsymmetric Bending - Angle of Neutral Axis

242
Unsymmetrical bending occurs when a structural member is subjected to bending moments in a plane that does not align with the member's principal axes. This scenario typically arises in beams and other structural components when loads are applied at non-ideal angles, introducing complexities in stress analysis.
When a bending moment is applied at an angle θ concerning the vertical axis of a symmetrical member, it can be resolved into components along the member's principal...
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Residual Stresses in Bending01:18

Residual Stresses in Bending

140
In the study of elastoplastic members subjected to bending moments, understanding the loading and unloading phases is crucial for assessing material behavior and structural integrity. During the loading phase, as the bending moment increases, the material initially responds elastically, adhering to Hooke's Law, where stress is directly proportional to strain. When the load exceeds the yield strength, plastic deformation occurs, resulting in permanent strain and deformation that remains even...
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Plastic Deformation in Circular Shafts01:20

Plastic Deformation in Circular Shafts

171
When materials are subjected to forces that surpass their yield strength, they undergo a process known as plastic deformation. This results in a permanent alteration or strain in their structure. This concept can be specifically applied to circular shafts, where the deformation leads to a change in its shape. The precise evaluation of this plastic deformation requires understanding the stress distribution within the circular shaft, which is achieved by calculating the maximum shearing stress in...
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Transmission of Multiple Signals through an Optical Fiber Using Wavefront Shaping
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Uncertainty Analysis of Fiber Optic Shape Sensing Under Core Failure.

Francesco Falcetelli1,2, Leonardo Rossi2, Raffaella Di Sante1

  • 1Department of Industrial Engineering-DIN, University of Bologna, 47121 Forlì, Italy.

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Summary

Optical fiber shape sensing cables can still reconstruct shapes even with fiber core failures. Increasing the number of sensing cores, especially from four to five, significantly improves performance and reduces uncertainty in shape sensing.

Keywords:
core failureoptical fiber sensorsshape sensingstructural health monitoringuncertainty analysis

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Area of Science:

  • Metrology
  • Optical Fiber Sensing
  • Sensor Technology

Background:

  • Shape sensing with optical fiber sensors is a rapidly advancing field.
  • Fiber core failures pose a significant challenge to the reliability of shape sensing cables.
  • Cable replacement is often impractical due to technological and economic limitations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the metrological performance of shape sensing cables after fiber core failure.
  • To quantify the impact of core failure on shape reconstruction accuracy.
  • To investigate mitigation strategies for performance degradation.

Main Methods:

  • Monte Carlo simulations were employed to compare pristine and damaged optical fiber cables.
  • Uncertainty in curvature and bending angle was quantified.
  • The propagation of measurement noise into 3D shape reconstruction uncertainty was simulated.
  • Performance was analyzed for specific shapes like circles and helices.

Main Results:

  • Fiber core failure degrades shape sensing performance but does not prevent reconstruction.
  • Reconstruction accuracy becomes sensitive to bending direction due to loss of core symmetry.
  • Increasing the number of sensing cores, particularly from four to five, substantially mitigates performance loss.
  • Shape reconstruction remains feasible even with damaged sensing elements.

Conclusions:

  • Shape sensing is achievable despite fiber core damage, though with altered characteristics.
  • Multi-core fiber designs offer enhanced resilience against core failures.
  • Understanding failure modes is crucial for reliable optical fiber shape sensing applications.