Applications of Piezoelectric Materials in Biomedical Engineering

Piezoelectric materials are unique biomedical materials whose asymmetric crystal structures enable them to convert various forms of mechanical energy from the environment, including ultrasound, into electrical or chemical energy. These materials have wide applications in the biomedical field and are gradually becoming a research hotspot in applications such as energy harvesters, biosensors, and tissue engineering. This article first provides a systematic review of the research progress on piezoelectric materials, then outlines frontier strategies for achieving high-performance electrical materials and devices. This article discusses the highly oriented nature of piezoelectric materials mediated by intermolecular forces and explores the applications of piezoelectric implants in biomedicine, including biosensing, energy harvesting, tissue engineering, and disease treatment. Finally, the challenges faced by piezoelectric devices in future research are elaborated.