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Generalization across dimensions: A model for three-alternative choice.

Michael Davison1, Sarah Cowie1

  • 1The University of Auckland, Aotearoa/New Zealand.

Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior
|April 30, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Reinforcers can generalize to related stimuli, influencing behavior. Increasing rewards for closer stimuli boosted responses, while rewards for distant stimuli decreased them, supporting the generalization across dimensions model.

Keywords:
choicegeneralization gradientsindifference principlemultiple alternativesstimulus generalization

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Area of Science:

  • Behavioral psychology
  • Animal cognition
  • Stimulus generalization

Background:

  • Understanding how reinforcers affect behavior across different stimuli is crucial in behavioral science.
  • Generalization of reinforcement is a key concept in learning theory.
  • Previous research has explored choice behavior with multiple alternatives.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the generalization of reinforcers to dimensionally related stimuli.
  • To test the predictions of the generalization across dimensions model.
  • To explain variations in Luce's indifference principle in choice research.

Main Methods:

  • Four pigeons were trained on a three-alternative concurrent variable-interval schedule.
  • Extinction was introduced for one alternative after an initial condition.
  • Reinforcer rates for dimensionally closer and distant alternatives were systematically varied.

Main Results:

  • Increasing the reinforcer rate for a dimensionally closer stimulus increased responding on an extinction alternative.
  • Increasing the reinforcer rate for a dimensionally distant stimulus decreased responding on the extinction alternative.
  • Results align with the generalization across dimensions model's predictions.

Conclusions:

  • Reinforcer effects generalize across stimulus dimensions in a predictable manner.
  • The generalization across dimensions model provides a framework for understanding complex choice behavior.
  • This study offers insights into why Luce's indifference principle is not always consistently supported.